欠发达地区农村居民养老成本构成分析——以宿松县为例-analysis on the composition of rural residents pension costs in underdeveloped areas - a case study of susong county.docx
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欠发达地区农村居民养老成本构成分析——以宿松县为例-analysis on the composition of rural residents pension costs in underdeveloped areas - a case study of susong county
欠发达地区农村居民养老成本构成研究——以宿松县为例摘要我国的人口老龄化兼具“未富先老”和“城乡倒置”的特点,据统计,目前农村的人口老龄化水平高于城镇1.24个百分点,农村老年人的脆弱性在养老资源供给不足的衬托下更加明显。保障农村老年人口的生活需要,不仅涉及到老年人的尊严、更是关系到资源配置效率、社会贫困环境以及和谐社会构建等问题。养老的内涵是十分丰富的,既包含经济供养,也包括生活照料和精神慰籍。由于中国农村的经济发展水平普遍不高,加上农村老人对生活照料和精神慰籍的要求也比较低,所以农村养老的核心和决定因素是经济的独立与支持。养老成本就是基于老年人在养老过程中所需要的衣、食、住以及医疗等所需要的物质资源供给的总体反映,是经济供养水平最直接体现,全文主要包括:(一)对养老成本进行定位分析,包括欠发达地区的定位、养老成本的概念及其分类、养老成本的特点和成本效益分析。(二)对安徽省宿松县的13个行政乡的150位老年居民的生活状况进行深入的调查分析,对老年人的经济水平和养老成本进行了分类统计,并其养老成本构成进行评价。(三)分别运用回归分析法和因子分析法对养老成本的影响因素及其构成做出分析,探讨农村家庭的养老成本支付能力和引发支付困境的因果模型。(四)分别从提高养老成本整体支付能力、优化养老成本内部结构和完善适应欠发达地区农村老年居民的社会保障体系等角度来降低老年人在丧失收入来源后的生活风险,探讨优化养老成本结构的对策。关键词:欠发达地区,农村,养老成本,宿松县RESEARCHONSTRUCTUREOFPENSIONCOSTFORRURALRESIDENTSINLESS-DEVELOPEDAREA——BASEDONSUSONGCOUNTYABSTRACTChinasageingpopulationhasuniquefeatures,whicharebotholdbeforewealthandunbalanceoftownandcountry,Accordingtothestatisticsofthepopulation,thepopulationlevelinrural1.24percentagepointshigherthanthenumberincitiesandtowns.Underthebackgroundofthestrongdemandofendowment,thevulnerabilityofruralelderlyismoresignificantly,thuseliminatingagedpoor,ensurethelifeneedsofruralelderlypopulation,notonlyinvolvesthedignityoftheelderly,butalsoinrelationtotheresourceallocationefficiency,socialpovertyenvironmentandbuildingharmonioussociety,etc.Theconnotationofendowmentisabundant,whichincludesnotonlytheeconomicsupport,butalsoincludinglifecareandmentalcomforting.BecauseofChinasruraleconomicdevelopmentlevelisnothigh,addruralelderlycareforlifeandmentalcomfortingrequirementsarerelativelylow,becausetheeconomicsupportproblemislifecareandmentalcomfortlevelcaneffectivelyimprovethepremiseandbasisoftheruralold-age,sothedecidingfactorandthecoreiseconomicindependenceandsupport.Basedontheoldagedcostisneededintheprocessofendowmentoffood,clothing,shelterandmedicaltreatmentofthematerialresourcesneededtosupplytheoveralllevelofeconomicsupport,isthemostdirectembodiment.Duetothepensioncostsindifferentareashowssignificantdifference,thispaperismainlyconsistoffouraspects:Firstly,locationanaly
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