上海统筹城乡基本医疗保障制度的路径分析-path analysis of shanghais overall urban and rural basic medical security system.docx
上海统筹城乡基本医疗保障制度的路径分析-path analysis of shanghais overall urban and rural basic medical security system
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上海统筹城乡基本医疗保障制度的路径研究
摘 要
近年来,上海市城市化水平不断提高,经济社会发展迅速,社会保障体系越来越 完善。2011 年 7 月,上海市取消了“综保”和“镇保”,将外来从业人员和郊区用 人单位从业人员纳入城镇职工基本医疗保险范围,进一步完善了上海的医疗保障体系。 然而上海的基本医疗保障制度仍然是多元分割运行的体制,存在户籍标准、就业标准 等,部分农民工和灵活就业人员还未被纳入制度覆盖范围,呈现城乡二元结构和人群 分立态势,这在一定程度上制约了城乡社会经济的统筹发展和劳动力的自由流动,影 响了社会的公平和稳定。因此,统筹城乡基本医疗保障制度是上海社会经济发展的当 务之急,必须尽快设计合理的统筹路径,不断缩小城乡之间、不同群体之间的待遇差 距,实现人人公平享有基本的医疗保障。
论文首先运用统筹城乡发展理论、制度变迁理论和公共产品理论分析了城乡基本 医疗保障制度统筹发展的理论基础,选取统筹城乡医疗保障制度的三个成功模式进行 比较研究。其次,从“参保人数、筹资水平、待遇水平、统筹层次、经办管理”五个 方面比较分析了上海市城乡基本医疗保障制度的现状,并对上海城乡基本医疗保障制 度进行了实证研究,运用因子分析对上海基本医疗保险的满意度进行研究,了解城乡 居民对制度的评价,在此基础上总结了现行基本医疗保障制度存在的问题。第三,以 不同医疗保障制度的衔接和整合为路径设计的切入点,进行相应的制度安排,设计了 统筹城乡基本医疗保障制度的“三步走”路径。第四,以个人及政府的负担能力为切 入点,利用曲线回归及 ARIMA 时间序列模型分别对个人的缴费能力和政府的补贴能 力进行测算,对设计的路径进行可行性分析。第五,结合路径的设计理念和设计内容, 有针对性地提出城乡基本医疗保障制度统筹发展的对策建议,主要有强化政府主导, 加大财政投入;优化制度设计,完善衔接机制;加强地方立法,创新监管机制;推进 配套改革,提供有力支撑。
关键词:统筹发展,基本医疗保障制度,制度设计,路径,可行性
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THE PATH RESEARCH ON COORDINATION OF THE URBAN AND RURAL BASIC MEDICAL INSURANCE SYSTEM
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the level of urbanization in Shanghai improves continuously, the economy and society develops rapidly and the social security system becomes more and more perfect. In July, 2011, Shanghai canceled the comprehensive social insurance for foreign workers and the social insurance for practitioners in suburban employers, and made the foreign workers and practitioners in suburban employers into the basic medical insurance for urban workers, thus perfecting the medical security system in Shanghai. However, the current basic medical insurance system of Shanghai operates multiply divided, and there exists census register standard and employment standard which restricts the overall development of the urban and rural economy. It also restricts the free movement of the Labor. So it is important to design the reasonable coordination path as soon as possible to reduce the urban-rural gap and the gap between different groups that everyone will enjoy the basic health care fairly.
This paper firstly analyzes the theoreti
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