水稻选择导入系耐低氮改良与qtl定位分析-improvement of low nitrogen tolerance and qtl mapping analysis of rice selective introgression lines.docxVIP

qtgw5，明恢86/TKM9群体中检测到控制每穗总粒数的qsnp12，这类位点降低了目标性状在正常施氮与低氮胁迫两种水平下的表型差值，推测这类位点对水稻低氮胁迫的耐性有直接贡献。4个群体在正常施氮与低氮胁迫两种水平下共检测到14个一因多效位点，其增效等位基因均来自于供体亲本2004或TKM9，贡献率介于13.52%～25.68%。如明恢86/TKM9群体检测到与标记RM286连锁的位点qfgp11、qsnp11和qyd11同时作用于每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数和单株产量，在这3个位点导入供体亲本TKM9基因能够较好的提高每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数和单株产量。可利用分子标记辅助选择在这类位点上表现为供体基因型的个体对不同遗传背景的改良和后代选择具有重要意义。有些一因多效位点不利于不同性状的同步改良，如明恢86/2004群体中与标记RM346连锁的位点qsnp7b和qtgw7，控制每穗总粒数的增效等位基因来自明恢86，控制千粒重的增效等位基因来自供体亲本2004。对这类位点要根据不同育种目标进行选择性的利用。关键词：水稻，耐低氮，选择导入系，产量性状，QTLIIAbstractNitrogenisoneoftheessentialnutrientsthatarevitaltoplantgrowth.Also,itisoneofthemostimportantmineralelements.Intheprocessofricecultivation,theappliedamountofnitrogenperunitareaandalowutilizationratehasbecomethetwobiggestproblemsconstrainingitsdevelopment.Therelevantmechanismsofuptake,transportandutilizationefficiencyofnitrogenarestillamystery.Theresearchonthemechanismofnitrogenmetabolismandhowtoimprovetheutilizationefficiencyofnitrogenabsorptionprovidedaneconomic,environmental,andlongtermstrategyforensuringthesustainablericeproductioninChina.Inthisstudy,Shuhui527(SH527)andMinghui86(MH86),whichweretwowidelyusedeliteindicarestorersinChina,wereusedasrecurrentparents,2004andTKM9asdonorsfordevelopingfourBC2F4selectedbackcrossingpopulations(SH527/2004,MH86/2004,SH527/TKM9andMH86/TKM9.Eightimportantagronomictraits,includingplantheight,paniclelength,paniclenumberperplant,filled-grainnumberperpanicle,totalgrainnumberperpanicle,spikeletfertility,thousandgrainweightandgrainyieldwereconductedforphenotypicevaluationandQTLmappingundernormalcontrolandlownitrogenstressconditions.Themainresultsweresummarizedasfollows:Amongtheeightagronomictraits,thousandgrainweight,spikeletfertilityandpaniclenumberperplantweregreatlyaffectedbylownitrogenstress,leadingtothereductionofyield.Thelineswithhighabilityoftillering,highspikeletfertilityandstablethousandgrainweightshouldbeconsideredinthepracticalbreeding.Thecorrelationanalysisresultsshowedthatgrainyieldperplantwassignificantlyorextremelysignificantlypositivecorre