宋代士大夫的治生之学与消费伦理——以宋代家训为中心-scholar - bureaucrats study of governing students and consumption ethics in song dynasty - focusing on family precepts in song dynasty.docxVIP

摘要摘要本文在前人研究的基础上，旨在围绕宋代士大夫消费观念、治生观念的变化展开讨论，选取有代表性的家训材料，通过分析士大夫关于治生、制用、伦理、职业认知等所反映出来的经济观念变化以及具体实践等，将宋代家训融入到消费大发展的环境中，揭示宋代士大夫如何治生以及在家训约束下的消费生态。同时，进一步分析二者之间的紧密联系和关系。最后，分析这种思想变化对宋代士大夫群体及宋王朝带来的影响。经济的发展必然引起思想上的变化。传承、教导后世子孙的家训寄托了士大夫家族昌盛的理想希望。家训中涉及的治生之学和消费伦理在宋代都有了很大的变化，宋代士大夫继承了“崇俭黜奢”的观念，因为他们意识到“节俭”对于个人道德和家族兴旺是密不可分的；但是在家族的消费却提倡以“礼”治事，用之适中。另一方面，家训的教导并没有放慢士大夫奢侈消费的脚步，特别是奢侈消费风气形成蔓延、等级消费松动，引导着越来越多的平民开始追逐时尚、自由消费。面对着社会的发展，家训中开始围绕治生展开讨论，家庭如何治生、制用，特别是对后代子孙选择从商的认可，都可以看出经济发展给社会带来的变化。文中还分析了产生这种变化的时代根源和实际效果，士大夫们所展开的“义利观”的争论中功利主义思潮开始显现出来，取代了传统的重义轻利思想。而家训中所描绘的道德教化的理想场景终究很难在子孙后世中实现。宋代家训中消费伦理在价值导向和精神意义层面对于现代社会市场经济的发展及社会和谐都有着很强的现实意义。关键词宋代士大夫治生之学消费伦理义利观AbstractAbstractOnthebasisofpreviousstudies,thispaperdoesresearchonboththethoughtofmakinglivingandconsumptionconceptsofscholar-officialsinsongdynasty.Ittriestorevealtheeconomicconceptsandconcreteresultsfromfamilymottosofscholar-officialsatthattime,especiallyfromlives,frugality,consumingethicsandvocationalawareness.Itshowslivesandconsumptionecologyundertheconstrainsoffamilymottoswhichwereplacedinthehistoricalconsumptionbackground.Atthesametime,thepaperdoesfurtheranalysisoftheclosecontactandrelationshipbetweenabovementionedlivingandconsumingethics.Finally,ittriestoanalyzehowtheinteractionoflivingandtheconsumptionethicsinfluencedsungscholar-officialsaswellasthewholedynasty.Economicdevelopmentwouldinevitablyleadtochangesinthinking.Thefamilymottoforteachingthesucceedinggenerationswasthesustenanceofthescholar-officials’dreamsandwishesforfamilyprosperity.ThefamilymottoforlivingandconsumerethicshadalotofchangesintheSongDynasty.Thescholar-officialsinheritedthefrugalitydismissluxuryconcept,becausetheyrealizedwhichthedenserelationsbetweenthriftypersonalmoralityandfamilyprosperitycouldnotbeseparated,althoughspendingonfamilyadvocatedtheprincipleofceremonyandmoderateuse.Ontheotherhand,thefamilymottoteachingsdidnotslowdownthefootstepsoftheirluxuryconsumption.Especiallywiththeluxuryconsumptionatmosphereandtheloosingsocialstratum,moreandmoreciviliansbegantochasef