生活垃圾渗滤液污染物吸附-堆肥处理降解特性分析-analysis on degradation characteristics of pollutants adsorption - composting treatment of leachate from domestic garbage.docxVIP
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生活垃圾渗滤液污染物吸附-堆肥处理降解特性分析-analysis on degradation characteristics of pollutants adsorption - composting treatment of leachate from domestic garbage
摘要卫生填埋是国内目前采用最为广泛的城市垃圾处理处置技术。垃圾填埋所产生的渗滤液对环境危害严重。由于垃圾渗滤液具有水质水量变化大,高COD、高氨氮等特点,导致处理难度较大且处理费用高。为达到经济效益和环境效益的协调,实现渗滤液的减量化、无害化和资源化,本文采用无机非金属材料吸附-堆肥处理垃圾渗滤液。本论文采用具有良好吸附性能和储量优势的硅藻土和膨润土作为吸附剂进行吸附-堆肥,通过夏季阶段的实验,研究吸附-堆肥物料污染物降解特性,并通过冬季阶段实验研究环境温度对堆肥化的影响,得出如下结论:(1)根据膨润土和硅藻土吸附-堆肥实验动力学分析,实验前28天膨润土满足:VS的动力学方程st=-0.3295t+22.552,R2=0.9866;COD的动力学方程st=-11.454t+499.76,R2=0.9214。硅藻土满足:VS的动力学方程st=-0.2239t+37.152,R2=0.9861;COD的动力学方程st=476.87exp(-0.023t),R2=0.9722。(2)夏季实验经过28天的堆肥化,硅藻土和膨润土堆肥物料中氮素的转化趋于稳定。根据对总氮、氨氮和硝态氮的含量分析结果,后两者之和与前者相差甚微,且氨氮/硝态氮<3,因此可判断堆肥系统稳定后,氮素基本转化为可被植物吸收利用的小分子物质。(3)根据《堆肥质量标准》要求,对夏季膨润土和硅藻土吸附-堆肥物料进行质量评价。膨润土堆肥产品除总氮偏低外,其它指标均能满足堆肥质量标准,结合膨润土特性可将此种堆肥产品应用于沙土治理;硅藻土区别于膨润土的是pH偏低,结合其特性可以考虑将堆肥产品应用于盐碱地治理、碱性土壤的改良以及重金属污染土壤治理。(4)夏季膨润土和硅藻土吸附-堆肥的VS去除率分别为41.6%和18.1%;冬季膨润土和硅藻土堆肥VS去除率分别是10%和11%。环境温度对此种堆肥方法的稳定化速率影响大。关键词:渗滤液、吸附、堆肥、污染物降解、反应动力学AbstractSincethe1980s,Chinastartedtousesanitarylandfilltodisposegarbage,untilnowthiskindoftechniqueisstillwidelyused.Althoughthesanitarylandfillnumeroustechnicaladvantagesasagarbagedisposal,landfillleachatebringsseriousenvironmentalhazards.Landfillleachatechangesalotinqualityandquantity,containinghighCODandammonia,soitishardtopurifyandrecycle.Inordertoachievethecoordinationofeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits,leachatereduction,harmlessnessandresources,thispaperusesnon-metallicinorganicmaterialsadsorption-compostingtreatmenttodealwithlandfillleachate.Thisexperimentusesdiatomiteandbentoniteasadsorbentforadsorption–composting,studyingmaterialpollutantsdegradationcharacteristics(inthesummerphase)andtheaffectsofenvironmentaltemperatureonthecompostingprogress(inthewinterphase),conclusionsareasfollowing:Byadsorptionofthetwonon-metallicmineraladsorbent-compostingexperiment,intheprevious28days,degradationmeetsthezero-orderreactionkinetics,thediatomitecompostingmeetsthezero-orderreactionkineticsequation:st=-0.3295t+22.552,R2=0.9866,bentonitecompostingmeetsthezero-orderreactionkineticsequation:st=-0.2239t+37.152,R+=0.9861.afterareactionperiodof28days,thenitrogentransformatio
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