深部开采高应力区冲击地压预测及防治分析-prediction and prevention analysis of rockburst in high stress area of deep mining.docxVIP

摘要随着煤层开采深度的增加和开采范围的扩大，采场高应力所导致的冲击地压对生产的威胁日趋严重。深部开采在构造复杂的条件下，高应力区域冲击危险性难以预测与控制。本文采用理论分析方法研究动压现象的成因与的影响因素。埋深900m条件下岩层积聚的变形能较大，顶底板岩层厚度大、强度高，开采后顶板积聚较大的弹性能量，断层区域易于形成高应力区，具有发生动压现象的条件。采用RFPA软件对采区倾向与走向以及两种不同埋深条件进行数值模拟分析。得出随着开采深度的加大，工作面的动压现象会越来越明显，煤层的开采危险性系数越大。工作面接近断层构造带或老顶来压期间易于发生冲击地压，因此必须做好断层构造带和老顶来压的预测工作。工作面在掘进和回采两个阶段要加强动压的预测和防治，均以钻屑孔法监测预警为主，电磁辐射监测为辅。掘进面采用φ42~44mm煤电钻每班打深15~20m的钻孔进行超前探测，回采面顺槽煤帮单排布置间距6m、孔深15m的监测钻孔，钻孔方向为平行于煤层，垂直巷帮。采用KBD5电磁辐射监测仪对掘进头处50m范围内与顺槽超前200m范围采用定点监测。同时要做好危险区域解危效果的检测。冲击地压整体控制首先开拓布置合理、开采方法合适来避免高应力集中和能量积聚，通过煤层注水改变物理力学性质，爆破断顶、强制放顶和超前深孔预裂爆破等方法处理厚层坚硬顶板，消除大面积来压和冲击地压的威胁。局部性防治主要采用卸压爆破和钻孔卸压两种方式。深部采场高应力区域动压现象危险预测与防治技术的研究，对于确保掘进面正常推进和回采工作面的安全生产具有重大意义。关键词：冲击地压，高应力区，RFPA数值模拟，电磁辐射，钻屑法，声发射。ABSTRACTWiththeincreaseofcoalminingdepthandscopeoftheexpansionofmining,stopehighstresscausedbyburstgrowingthreattoproduction.Deepcavingminingincomplexanddynamicpressureundertheconditionsofhighenergy,high-stressregionisdifficulttopredicttheimpactofriskandcontrol,miningtechnologyisdifficult.Inthispaper,itusedtheoreticalanalysisofthecausesofthephenomenonofdynamicpressureandtheinfluencingfactors.Depthof900mundertherockdeformationenergyaccumulatedinlargethickroofandfloorrock,highstrength,afterminingtheaccumulationoflargeelasticenergyroof,thefaultareaiseasytocreatehigh-stressarea,thephenomenonhasoccurredintheconditionsofdynamicpressure.ItusedRFPASoftwaretosimulatetheconditionsoftwodifferentdepthsontheminingareaalongthefacedipandstrike.Obtainedwiththeincreaseofminingdepth,facethephenomenonofdynamicpressurewillbecomeincreasinglyclearthattheexploitationofcoalseamsgreaterriskfactor.Facetunnelingandminingintwostagestoenhancepredictionandcontrolofdynamicpressure,cuttingsKongandFrancearethemainmonitoringandearlywarning,monitoringofsecondaryelectromagneticradiation.Drivingφ42~44mmcoalfacebydrillclasstoplay15~20mdeepdrillingtoadvanceexploration,coalminingsurfacetroughtohelpsingle-rowlayoutspacing6m,15mdeepholedrillingthemonitoring,drillingdirectionisparalleltotheseam,VerticalDrift.Electromagneticr