完善长三角地区农村医疗保险制度分析-analysis on perfecting rural medical insurance system in yangtze river delta region.docx
完善长三角地区农村医疗保险制度分析-analysis on perfecting rural medical insurance system in yangtze river delta region
完善长三角地区农村医疗保险制度研究 摘 要
改革开放 30 年,特别是“十一五”期间,长三角地区医疗保险制度建设成绩斐 然,覆盖城乡居民的医疗保障体系基本建立,但医疗保险制度城乡分割、医疗保险政 策城乡不一、医疗保险待遇水平城乡悬殊等问题突出,在当今国家力行基本医疗保险 制度城乡统筹发展的背景下,如何解决上述问题,实现医疗保险制度从“覆盖城乡” 到“城乡一体化”的历史性跨越,建立城乡一体化的医疗保险制度,成为一个值得研 究的课题。
论文在医疗保险制度城乡一体化发展理论的指导下,详述长三角地区基本医疗保 险的现状及实现条件, 结合国内外社会医疗保险城乡一体化的经验模式,试探性的提 出在经济发展水平相对较高的长三角地区突破农村医疗保险制度的发展瓶颈,先行建 立城乡一体化的医疗保险制度。设计了四大实现方案:方案一,参保对象为所有城乡 居民,筹资缴费上个人承担 30%,国家承担 70%,补偿比例为门诊 30%+住院 50%。 其他方案均在上一方案的基础上补偿比例依次提高 10%。运用 Spss 软件从筹资和供 给平衡的角度论证方案的可行性,主要测定人均筹资 30%这一缴费额度是否在居民上 年度收入的 2%-3%这一承受缴费范围之内。 70%的人均筹资额是否在政府财政支出 的 5%-7%范围之内。结果表明方案一、方案二在长三角地区目前是现实可行的,随 着经济发展方案三、方案四也将逐步实现。
城乡一体化的医疗保险制度设计意义重大:一方面,城乡一体化的医疗保险制度 在政策设计上实现了城乡的连接贯通,在制度架构上实现了城乡统筹,在管理服务上 实现城乡统一,在待遇标准上实现城乡基本一致,顺应了城乡经济社会一体化发展的 大趋势。另一方面,城乡一体化的医疗保险制度有效规避了城乡医疗保险制度各自难 以克服的缺陷,最大限度的实现了医疗保险制度的公平性,提高了制度运行的效率和 互助共济能力,符合医疗保险制度自身发展的规律。
关键词:长三角,农村医疗保险,城乡一体化,制度设计
STUDY ON
PERFECTING RURAL MEDICAL INSURANCE SYSTEM IN YANGTZE RIVER DELTA
ABSTRACT
Since the reform and opening up especially the ―Eleventh Five Year‖period, the Yangtze River Delta witnessed the setting up of the basic Medical insurance system which covered urban and rural residents. There are still some shortcomings to overcome, just like the splitting of medical insurance, the incompatibly of medical policy and the prominent disparities of medical benefits btween urban and rural area. Under the background of coordinating of urban and rural medical insurance, we have to make clear how to solve the above problems, to make a jump from ―cover‖to ―universal‖ urban and rural medical insurance system which is becoming a worthy subject of study.
Under the guidance of the rural –urban coordinating development theory, the paper analyzed the comprehensive situation of medical insurance and the conditions to achieve urban –rural integration of medical insurance in the Yangtze River Delta, and draw on the experience of abroad .tentatively proposed to built up the universal medical insurance in the relatively developed Yangtze River Delta, as well as br
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