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涡轴发动机智能非线性控制分析-intelligent nonlinear control analysis of turboshaft engine
南京
南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文
涡轴
涡轴发动机智能非线性控制研究
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摘 要
航空发动机的建模与控制可以有效地降低试验风险,降低开发费用。随着计算机技术的发 展,越来越多的控制方法被运用到航空发动机的控制中。本文研究了遗传算法和滑模变结构控 制方法,并运用到航空发动机的控制中,本文的主要研究内容如下:
针对某型涡轴发动机,将涡轴发动机部件级非线性模型,通过 C 语言编程,并利用 MATLAB 中 S 函数的 Simulink 扩展功能,通过 C MEX 函数,在 MATLAB/Simulink 中建立了发动机的 S 函 数模型。
遗传算法是一种进化算法,通过竞争方式寻找最优个体,本文在传统 PID 控制的理论上, 设计了基于遗传算法的 PID 控制,经仿真表明,该方法可以通过调整适应度函数达到理想的控 制性能。
滑模变结构控制是一种特殊的非线性控制,对参数变化及扰动不灵敏,可以用于非线性被 控对象,本文采用了指数趋近律的方法设计了滑模控制器,针对涡轴某稳态点的小偏差状态变 量模型进行仿真,结果表明,控制效果良好。
在结合遗传算法和滑模变结构控制的基础上,本文设计了基于遗传算法的滑模变结构控制, 通过对一般的状态空间方程进行仿真,得到了良好的控制效果,然后对涡轴发动机某稳态点的 小偏差状态变量模型进行验证,仿真结果表明,该方法适用于发动机稳态控制。
关键词:涡轴发动机,S-function,遗传算法,滑模控制
ABSTRACT
The modeling and real-time simulation controlling system for aero engine could possess many advantages, such as reducing engine testing expenses and avoiding the test risk. With the development of computing technology, more and more control method is applied to the control of aero engine. This paper studies the genetic algorithm and sliding mode variable structure control method, and applied to the control of aero engine. The main research contents are as follows:
Using the programming of C language, component-level nonlinear model of turbo-shaft engine is builded up as the engine S function model in MATLAB/Simulink through the C MEX function of Simulink extended function.
Genetic algorithm is a kind of evolutionary algorithms, using the competition to find the most optimal individual .Based on the traditional PID control theory, this paper uses the genetic algorithm to set PID parameters .The simulation shows that this method can through the adjustment of fitness function to achieve the desired control performance.
Sliding mode control research is a special kind of nonlinear control, and it is not sensitive to the parameter change and disturbance, so it can be used in the nonlinear controlled object. This paper adoptes the index reaching law method to design the sliding mode controller and it achieves good control in a steady point f
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