10个最常见短语解析.docVIP

10个最常见的短语解析 　　1. to get on : (to enter, board) 　　解析:to get on(搭乘,上车) 动词get的用法很多,常常在后面接用各种不同的介系词或副词而形成意义不同的习语。这里的on是介词,后面的bus和subway用作它的宾语。如果on作副词用,则有进步,相处甚好的意思。 如: 　　(1) I always get on the bus at 34th Street. 　　 我总是在34街搭乘公共汽车。 　　(2) William gets on the subway at the same station 　　 every morning. 　　 威廉每天早晨在同一车站搭乘地下火车。 　　(3) He is getting on well with his classmates . 　　 他和同学们相处得很好。 　　2. to get off : (to leave) 　　解析:to get off (下车)与上面的get on相反。get off也有好些其它的意义,如寄出,离开等。下车也可以用get out of a carriage或car, 不过下电车或公共汽车多用get off。如: 　　(1) Helen got off the bus at 42nd Street. 　　 海伦在42街下公共汽车。 　　(2) At what station do you usually get off the 　　 subway? 　　 你通常在哪一站下地铁? 　　(3) Please get the letters off in good time. 　　 请按时寄出信件。 　　(4) A clever lawyer may be able to get you off. 　　 一位聪明的律师可能会为你脱罪。 　　3. to put on: (to place on oneself-said particularly 　　of clothes) 　　解析:to put on (穿,戴)特别指穿衣服、穿鞋、戴帽、戴眼镜也用这个成语。英文中还有wear和dress二字也是穿的意思。可是wear是继续的动作,表示穿着的状态,而put on是一时的动作。下面两个句子都是错的: 　　I shall wear my overcoat before I go out (应用put on). 　　In such cold weather I put on my overcoat all day (应用wear). 　　dress的意思是 put clothes on后面的宾语一定是人,如dress a child, dress oneself, be dressed in white。如: 　　(1) Mary dressed herself in a red coat and left. 　　 玛丽穿上她的红外套就离开了。 　　(2) Why is John dressed in a strange suit? 　　 约翰为什么穿着奇装异服? 　　4. to take off : (to remove) 　　解析:to take off (脱去)与put on 的意义相反,指脱去衣物鞋帽,可以用get off。 如: 　　(1) John took off his hat as he entered the room. 　　 约翰在进屋时脱下他的帽子。 　　(2) Is Helen taking off her coat because it is too 　　 warm in the room?海伦是不是因为室内太暖 　　 和而脱去她的外衣呢? 　　5. to call up: (to telephone) 　　解析:to call up (打电话给……)后面一定要有宾语,也就是接电话的人。如果宾语是代词的话,常插在call与up 之间。如: 　　(1) I forgot to call up Mr. Jones yesterday although 　　I promised to call him upexactly at three 　　oclock. 　　我昨天忘记打电话给琼斯先生,虽然我答应 　　了在三点钟的时候打电话给他的。 　　(2) Did anyone call me up while I was out? 　　 我出去的时候有人打电话来找我吗? 　　6. to turn on : (to start, begin) 　　解析:to turn on (扭开,打开)指扭开电灯,电炉