20种中草药提取物对一株柑橘采后致腐真菌抑制作用.docVIP

20种中草药提取物对一株柑橘采后致腐真菌的抑制作用 　　摘要:为进一步研发安全、高效的柑橘防腐保鲜剂提供一定的理论依据。采用滤纸片法和生长速率法,利用20种中草药的乙醇提取物对一株柑橘采后致腐真菌P01进行抑菌试验。结果表明,用滤纸片法进行抑菌作用测定,发现射干、苦参、厚朴、丁香、木香、连翘、肉桂的乙醇提取物对P01具有一定的抑制作用。用生长速率法,以提取物质量浓度15 mg/mL对初次筛选出的7种中草药提取物进一步进行抑菌试验,发现丁香、射干、厚朴、肉桂、苦参、木香的乙醇提取物抑菌率都在50%以上,效果最好的是丁香乙醇浸提物,抑菌率达到90.00%,其次是射干乙醇浸提物,其抑菌率达81.25%。 　　关键词:中草药提取物;柑橘;致腐真菌;抑菌作用 　　中图分类号:S666文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-6500(2009)02-0056-03 　　 　　Inhibition of 20 Kinds of Chinese Herbs Extracts Against a Rot-causing Fungus in Postharvest Citrus Fruits 　　HU Mei,CHEN Gen-qiang,DU Gen-ping 　　(College of Forestry,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan471003,China) 　　Abstract:The aim of test was to provide basis for researching safe and concentrated preservatives of citrus fruits. The inhibition of alcohol extracts from 20 kinds Chinese herbs againast a rot-causing fungus in postharvest citrus fruits were tested through filter paper method and plate growth rate method. In the test of filter paper method, alcohol extracts of Rhizoma belamcandae, Sophora flavescens Ait, Citrus grandis Tomentosa, Flos caryophyllata, Aucklandia lappa, Forsythia suspense,Cinnamomi cassiae Presl, expressed inhibition against P01. In the test of plate growth rate method with alcohol extracts at 15 mg/mL, the inhibitory rates of alcohol extracts from Flos caryophyllata, Rhizoma belamcandae, Citrus grandis Tomentosa, Cinnamomi cassiae Presl, Sophora flavescens Ait, Aucklandia lappa were over 50%. The inhibitory rates of alcohol extracts from Flos caryophyllata and Rhizoma belamcandae were 90.00% and 81.25% ,respectively. 　　Key words: Chinese herb extract;citrus;rot-causing fungus;inhibition 　　 　　柑橘是世界产量最多的水果,也是我国主要的水果之一[1]。柑橘采后在贮藏运输的过程中,常常由于病原菌的侵染而造成腐烂,轻则影响果实的食用品质和商品价值,重则造成大量烂果,导致严重的经济损失[2]。目前,柑橘防腐多采用化学防腐剂,如多菌灵、甲基托布津等,这些化学物质虽然能够杀死病原菌,达到防腐保鲜的目的,但是对人体健康却有一定的不利影响,甚至出现致癌、致畸、致突变等潜在危害。因此,从20世纪80年代人们就开始寻找新的、更安全有效的方法来控制水果采后病害[3]。 　　中草药作为我国的宝贵遗产其抑菌作用早已广泛应用于医药行业,很多研究已证实了中草药的杀菌成分对果蔬防腐保鲜的效果[3]。而且植物源防腐剂具有高效、低毒、易降解、不污染环境等优点,已成为传统化学防腐剂的有效替代[4]。本试