An Analysis of Huckleberry Finn’s Psychological Development试析哈克贝利费恩心理发展历程.docVIP

An Analysis of Huckleberry Finn’s Psychological Development试析哈克贝利费恩心理发展历程 　　1. A Brief Introduction of Mark Twain 　　Mark Twain （1835-1910） was born in Florida， Missouri. He gained his international fame as a gifted raconteur， distinctive humorist， and irascible moralist. He is regarded as a popular public figure， true father of the Nation， and one of America’s best and most beloved writers. Twain’s articles， stories， memories， and novels， characterized by an immense and witty humor and a deft ear for language and dialect， gained him an almost inconceivable celebrity. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn， written in 1884， is Mark Twain’s masterpiece of humor， characterization， and realism， marks the peak of Twains literary creativity and is considered as the best book that Twain ever produced. 　　2. Five Layers of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 　　Abraham Maslow’s （1908-1970） hierarchy of needs is a theory in psychology， proposed in his 1943 paper A Theory of Human Motivation， which he subsequently extended to include his observations of humans’ innate curiosity. 　　“Needs” refer to a state of tension or imbalance that demands a satisfying activity. In Maslow’s theory， the hierarchy of needs includes five levels： physiological （survival） needs， safety （security） needs， belonging （love or social） needs， esteem （recognition or status） needs， self-actualization （self-fulfillment） needs. The lower four layers are what Maslow called “deficiency needs” or “D-needs” while self-actualization （self-fulfillment） needs are the higher needs. He thinks that lower orders must be at least partially satisfied before moving on to higher levels of motivational needs. 　　3. The Analysis of Huckleberry Finn’s Psychological Development 　　In the novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn， the 12-year-old protagonist Huck is in the fast growing status both physically and psychologically. Physiological needs are one’s fundamental and basic needs which play an important role on maintaining a li