安可否作为儒家伦理实践判准.docVIP

安可否作为儒家伦理实践判准 　　摘要：针对“安”是否可以作为儒家伦理实践判准的讨论，以《论语?阳货》“三年之丧”文本为据，从“女安则为之”出发，通过文本解析、“安”的伦理分析、“安”之外的伦理考虑三个方面进行论证。研究发现，宰我和孔子在“三年之丧”的讨论中孔子提出了“女安则为之”，“安”可否作为伦理行为的标准就在于良心可否作为伦理行为的标准；良心有其主观性以及客观限制，良心所判断的行为价值与其客观价值不相符合，孔子着重伦理教育的重点在于能恰当正确地感受和表达情感，让良心所判断的行为价值能与其客观价值相符合，可见“安”可以作为儒家伦理实践的初步内在判准，但不是“最终”判准或“唯一”判准，仍须尽力合乎客观伦理道德标准，努力培养“正确良心”。 　　关键词：儒家伦理学；孔子；女安则为之；良心；良知；三年之丧；伦理道德 　　中图分类号：B222文献标志码：A文章编号2017 　　Abstract： Based on discussion about whether “Feeling at ease” can be regarded as criterion of Confucian ethical practice， this paper took the text of “threeyearmourning” of Yanghuo in The Analects of Confucius as a basis to demonstrate through text analysis， ethical analysis of “Feeling at ease” and ethical consideration beyond “Feeling at ease” from the perspective of “doing it with feeling at ease”. The research results show that Confucius proposes “doing it with feeling at ease” in discussion of “threeyearmourning” between Confucius and one of his followers called Zaiwo， whether “feeling at ease” can be regarded as standard of ethical behavior depends on whether conscience can be regarded as standard of ethical behavior； conscience has its subjectivity and objective restriction， and behavioral value judged by conscience is not consistent with its objective value. Confuciuss emphasis on ethical education lies in the ability to feel and express emotions properly and correctly， and then behavioral value judged by conscience can be consistent with its objective value. It can be seen that “Feeling at ease” can be used as preliminary criteria of Confucian ethical practice， but it is not the final criteria or the sole criteria. So it still needs to try to meet objective ethics moral standard and endeavor to cultivate “right conscience”. 　　Key words： Confucian ethics； Confucius； “doing it with feeling at ease”； conscience； intuitive knowledge； threeyearmourning； ethic 　　儒家??理是中国优秀传统文化的重要一环，对儒家伦理的合理诠释是当代中华儿女的使命之一。本文以《论语?阳货》“三年之丧”的文本为据，关注“安”是否可以作为儒家伦理实践判准的讨论。 　　一、