一株降解甲氰菊酯光合细菌分离鉴定及其降解酶初步分析.docVIP

一株降解甲氰菊酯的光合细菌的分离鉴定及其降解酶初步分析 　　摘要:从某农药厂污泥中筛选分离出一株高效降解甲氰菊酯(Fenpropathrin)的光合细菌,研究了其降解特性及生物学特性。根据分离菌株的细胞形态结构、活细胞光吸收特征、生理生化特征及其16S rDNA序列同源性鉴定降解菌;气相色谱法测定该菌降解甲氰菊酯的能力;采用超声波破碎法提取该菌降解粗酶,利用(NH4)2SO4分段盐析并测定酶活性。结果表明:PSB07-14属红假单胞菌属(Rhodopseudomonas sp.);该菌以共代谢方式降解甲氰菊酯,对甲氰菊酯的最高耐受浓度为800 mg/L,降解最佳条件为:30～35 ℃、pH6～7,光照培养15 d对600 mg/L甲氰菊酯降解率达48.41%。降解酶测定结果表明:30%～60%(NH4)2SO4沉淀的蛋白降解活性最高。 　　关键词:甲氰菊酯;红假单胞菌;生物降解;降解酶 　　中图分类号:X172文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-6500(2009)02-0001-05 　　 　　Isolation, Identification of Fenpropathrin-degrading Strain PSB07-14 and Preliminary Analysis of Its Degradation Crude Enzyme 　　LUO Yuan-hua1,ZHANG Zhan-hong3,LIU Yong1,2,ZHANG Song-bai1,2,ZHANG De-yong1,2,LUO Xiang-wen1, CHENG Fei-xue1 　　(1.Hunan Plant Protection Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;2. Branch of Longping,Graduate College,Central South University,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China;3. Hunan Vegetable Institute,Changsha,Hunan 410125,China) 　　Abstract:A photosynthetic bacterial strain PSB07-14, with degradability of fenpropathrin, was isolated and identified as Rhodopseudomonas sp. based on its morphology, physiology and homology of 16S rDNA sequence. The degrading characteristics showed the optimum conditions of degrading fenpropathrin were 30～35 ℃, pH 6～7, respectively. This strain could grow in the media supplied with fenpropathrin up to 800 mg/Land degrade fenpropathrin by co-metabolic way. The degradation rate of fenpropathrin was up to 48.41% in a concentration of 600 mg/L within 15 d. The degradation crude enzyme was extracted and subsided by (NH4)2SO4, the results of subsiding enzyme activity showed the highest enzyme activity appeared in the subsiding of 30%～60%(NH4)2SO4. 　　Key words: fenpropathrin;Rhodopseudomonas sp. PSB07-14;biodegradation;degradation enzyme 　　 　　甲氰菊酯,化学名称2-氰基-3-苯氧基苄基-2,2,3,3-四甲基环丙烷酸酯,商品名灭扫利,对鳞翅目、同翅目、半翅目、双翅目、鞘翅目等多种害虫有效,同时对多种害螨的成螨、若螨和螨卵有一定的防治效果[1],适用于棉花、蔬菜、果树、玉米、大豆、烟草、茶叶等作物以及林木、家畜、卫生和仓储等害虫防治,对一些农作物还有促进生长、增加产量、改善品质的作用。 　　虽然甲氰菊酯对高等动物毒性中等,在试验剂量内对试验动物未发现致畸、致突变和致癌作用。但是,对鱼类等水生生物