不同施肥方式对水稻产量及经济效益影响.docVIP

不同施肥方式对水稻产量及经济效益的影响 　　摘要研究不同施肥方式对水稻产量和经济效益的影响,结果表明:磷肥全部、氮肥和钾肥各65%作基肥,氮肥和钾肥各35%作穗肥的施肥方式,早稻产量和经济效益最高,分别为8 660 kg/hm2、15 647.4元/hm2。晚稻种植中,磷肥全部、氮肥和钾肥各60%作基肥,氮肥和钾肥各25%作分蘖肥,15%作穗肥的施肥方式,晚稻产量和经济效益最高,分别为8 780 kg/hm2、15 887.4元/hm2。 　　关键词施肥方式;水稻;产量;经济效益 　　中图分类号 S511 文献标识码A文章编号 1007-5739(2010)22-0056-02 　　 　　EffectsofDifferentFertilizerModeson theYieldand EcologicalBenefits of Rice 　　XIE Guang-li 1LIU Xun-zhong 2 *LAI Jing-nan 3 　　(1 Agricultural Service Center of Lingshan in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Lingshan Guangxi 535400; 2Soil and Fertilizer Workstation of Qinzhou City; 3 Soil and Fertilizer Workstation of Lingshan County) 　　AbstractEffects of different fertilizer modes on the yield and ecological benefits of rice were discussed in this paper. The results showed that:for early season rice,the treament obtained the best yield 8 660 kg/hm2 and ecological benefits 15 647.4 yuan/hm2,that was all phosphate fertilizer+65% nitrogenous and potassic fertilizer as basal fertilizer,35% nitrogenous and potassic fertilizer as panicle fertilizer. For late rice,the treament obtained the best yield 8 780 kg/hm2 and ecological benefits 15 887.4 yuan/hm2,that was all phosphate fertilizer+60% nitrogenous and potassic fertilizer as basal fertilize,25% nitrogenous and potassic fertilizer as tillering fertilizer,15% nitrogenous and potassic fertilizer as panicle fertilizer. 　　Key wordsfertilization mode;rice;yield;ecological benefits 　　 　　水稻抛秧栽培技术是一项省工、省种的水稻栽培新技术[1]。与常规插植栽培相比,水稻抛秧栽培移栽时植株损伤轻,秧根入土浅,带土带肥,因而具有回青立苗快、分蘖早、分蘖多、前期生长旺盛的特点[2-4]。根据水稻抛秧栽培的生育特点,探索不同施肥技术对超级稻生长和产量的影响,旨在为水稻合理施肥提供科学依据。 　　1材料与方法 　　1.1试验地概况 　　试验在灵山县灵城镇新垌村邱永言农户责任田进行,土壤属花岗岩母质发育的潴育性杂沙泥田,质地砂壤,有机质33.3 mg/kg,全氮1.58 g/kg,全磷0.84 mg/kg,全钾7.8 mg/kg,速效磷110.2 mg/kg,速效钾128.5 mg/kg,pH值6.0,土壤肥力中上,常年水稻平均单产为6 500 kg/hm2左右。 　　1.2试验材料 　　供试肥料:尿素(含N 46%)、过磷酸钙(含P2O5 12%)、氯化钾(含K2O 60%)。超级稻品种:早稻为天优998,晚稻为新两优6号。 　　1.3试验设计 　　试验共设3个处理,处理1:磷肥全部、氮肥和钾肥各65%作基肥,氮肥和钾肥各35%作蘖肥;处理2:磷肥全部、氮肥和钾肥各65%作基肥,氮肥和钾肥各35%作穗肥;处理3:磷肥全部、氮肥和钾肥各60%作基肥,氮肥和钾肥各