不同栽培技术体系对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质影响.docVIP

不同栽培技术体系对冬小麦籽粒产量和品质的影响 　　摘要： 　　以济麦20和泰农18为试材，研究设置组装包括种植密度、播期、氮肥、灌水等栽培因子在内的低播量精播栽培技术（T1）、稳妥型改良精播栽培技术（T2）、中播量适期晚播限量灌溉栽培技术（T3）和高播量晚播限量灌溉栽培技术（T4）4个栽培技术体系对小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明：单位面积穗数，T1～T4处理呈渐增趋势，而穗粒数和粒重则相反；各处理中以T2产量最高，但与T1无显著差异，以T4产量最低，T3居中。不同栽培技术体系间，以T2处理品质最优，但各处理对小麦品质的影响表现出明显的品种特异性：对于济麦20而言，T2处理主要是通过影响其沉降值、面团形成时间和稳定时间而有利于优质的形成，但对蛋白质和湿面筋含量、吸水率等均未表现出显著影响；对于泰农18而言，主要是影响其湿面筋、沉降值和面团稳定时间，而对于蛋白质含量、吸水率和面团形成时间并无显著影响。综上所述，稳妥型改良精播栽培体系有利于协同提高小麦的品质和产量，实现小麦的高产优质高效生产。 　　关键词：冬小麦；栽培技术体系；籽粒产量；品质 　　中图分类号：S512.101文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2016）08-0026-04 　　AbstractIn this study， four kinds of cultivation technologies were designed to investigate their effects on grain yield and quality of winter wheat， which integrated plant density， sowing date， nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation. They were the low-density and intensive sowing technology （T1）， the stable and optimized intensive sowing technology （T2）， the medium-density and suitable late sowing technology with limited irrigation （T3） and the high-density and late sowing technology with limited irrigation （T4）.The cultivar Jimai 20 and Tainong 18 were used as test materials. The results showed that the spikes per unit area increased gradually and the kernels per spike and the kernel weight reduced under the treatments from T1 to T4. The grain yield of T2 was the highest， and was not significant with that of T1. The lowest grain yield was observed under T4 treatment. The grain quality was the best under T2 treatment， but it showed obvious variety specificity. For Jimai 20， T2 treatment influenced the quality mainly through optimizing the zeleny sedimentation value， dough development time and dough stability time， but had no significant effects on protein and wet gluten contents and moisture absorption. For Tainong 18， T2 treatment mainly influenced the wet gluten content， zeleny sedimentation value and dough stability time， but had no significant effects on protein content， moisture absorption and dough development time. In conclusion， the s