不同药剂喷施处理对海南油茶保花保果效果影响.docVIP

不同药剂喷施处理对海南油茶保花保果效果的影响 　　摘 要 在油茶试验基地设定15个处理，分别在花期喷洒不同类型及浓度的药物进行保花保果处理，并以喷洒清水为对照；采收成熟果实，测定其产量和单果重、横纵径、籽粒重等果实指标，进行生物统计分析，并结合喷洒成本，计算经济效益，筛选出海南油茶最适宜的保花保果药物及浓度。结果表明：0.5%硼砂、20 mg/L GA3、800倍爱多收和0.1%硼砂+800倍爱多收+800倍高美施处理的株产量显著高于对照组；0.5%硼砂处理的果实横纵径显著高于对照组；20 mg/L GA3、0.1%硼砂、800倍爱多收处理的单果重显著高于对照组；各处理的籽粒重和出籽率与对照组差异不显著。说明赤霉素、硼砂、爱多收、高美施等药物处理对增加油茶产量和提高单果重有显著性作用。这些药剂价格低廉企且易购买，对提高海南油茶的经济效益具有较高的推广价值。 　　关键词 油茶 ；药剂喷施处理 ；保花保果 　　中图分类号 S794.4 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.02.014 　　The Effect of Different Chemical Spraying Treatments on Flower 　　and Fruit Retention of Camellia oleifera in Hainan 　　HU Enqi HU Xiangying LIN Youfen 　　（College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture， Hainan University， Hainan， Haikou 570228） 　　Abstract Tea-oil camellia （Camellia olerfera） trees in the Tea-oil Camellia Experiment Station were divided into 15 groups for treatments. They were sprayed with chemicals at different concentrations at the flowering stage to protect the flower and fruit， with water spraying as a control. The ripe fruits were harvested to measure their fruit indexes such as yield， single fruit weight， longitudinal and transverse diameter， seed weight， etc. The indexes were used for biometric analysis， based on which the economic benefit was calculated by deduction of the cost of the chemicals used for spraying to screen out optimum chemicals and their concentrations for retention of flower and fruit of tea-oil camellia in Hainan. The treatments 0.5% borax， 20mg/L gibberellin， 800 times of dilution of Atonik， 0.1% borax +800 times of dilution of Atonik +800 times of dilution of Komix gave significantly higher yield per tree than the control； the 0.5% borax treatment had a significantly higher transverse and longitudinal diameter of fruit the control； the treatments 20mg/L gibberellin， 0.1% borax， and 800 times of dilution of Atonik produced obviously higher single fruit weight than the control； no significant difference was found in seed weight and seed output rate