过去将来时，过去完成时，现在完成时和一般过去式的区别.pptVIP

过去将来时 一、含义 “过去将来”就是指过去的将来，指的是以过去时间为基点将要发生的情况。比如你说“我明天去”，这个“明天”属于将来；如果你说“我那天说过我第二天会去的”，这个“第二天”在现在看来，就是属于过去将来。请看： I will go tomorrow. 我明天去。 I said that I would go the next day. 我说过第二天会去的。 上面第一句用的是一般将来时，第二句的宾语从句用的则是过去将来时。 二、过去将来时的构成与用法 1.过去将来时主要由“would+动词原形”构成 （1）表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作(尤其用于宾语从句中)。如： He promised that he would help me. 他答应他会帮助我。 （2）表示过去的习惯：即表示过去的动作习惯或倾向。如： When I worked on a farm, I would get up at 5 a.m. 我在农场劳动时，总是早上5点钟起床。 2.was / were going to + 动词原形：该结构有两个主要用法， （1）是表示过去的打算。如： I was going to leave when he came in. 他进来时我正要离开。 （2）是表示在过去看来有迹象表明将要发生某事。如： I thought it was going to rain. 我想要下雨了。 3. was / were to + 动词原形：主要表示过去按计划或安排要做的事情。如： He asked where he was to put it. 他问他该把它放在哪里。 She said she was to get married next month. 她说她计划在下个月结婚。 4. was / were about to + 动词原形：表示在过去看来即将要发生的动作，由于本身已含有“即将”的意味，所以不再表示具体的过去时间状语连用。如： I was about to go to bed when the phone rang. 电话铃响时我正好要上床睡。 I couldn’t go to Tom’s party as I was about to go into hospital. 我就要住院，所以不能参加汤姆办的晚会了。 5. was / were +现在分词：表示在过去看来即将发生的动作。如： Jack said he was leaving tomorrow. 杰克说他打算明天动身。 She didn’t say whether she was coming to lunch. 她没有说她是否来吃午饭。 注意：并不是所有动词都具有这样的用法，通常可用于该句型中动词是come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等瞬间动词。 6.过去将来时用于虚拟语气 （1）. 涉及现在时间的虚拟条件：即条件从句所涉及的内容是现在的不真实情况，此时从句的谓语用一般过去时，而主句谓语用“would+动词原形”（当然根据情况也可用should, might, could）。如： If I were taller, I would become a policeman. 如果我个子再高一点，我就当警察了。 If I knew her number I could ring her up. 要是我知道她的号码，就能给她打电话。 第一句所表示的实际情况是：我的个子不够高，所以不能当警察；第二句所表示的实际情况是：我现在不知道她的电话号码，所以不能给她打电话。 Exercise 1 She said the bus _____________(leave) at five the next morning. 2 I wasnt sure whether he ________________(lend) me his book the next morning. 3 He was fifty-six. In two years he ____________(be) fifty-eight. 4 Whenever she has time, she _______________(help) them in their work. 　　 was leaving would lend would be would help （2）. 涉及将来时间的虚拟条件：即条件从句所涉及的内容是将来的不真实情况，或很可能是将来的不真实情况，此时从句的谓语一般过去时(be通常用were)，或