优秀运动员压力职业倦怠和退役意向关系研究.docVIP

优秀运动员压力、职业倦怠和退役意向的关系研究 　　摘要：以浙江省188名优秀运动员为研究对象，采用自编的退役意向调查表、压力源问卷和职业倦怠MBI量表对运动员实施问卷调查，通过相关分析和多元逐步回归分析等统计方法，揭示了优秀运动员压力、职业倦怠和退役意向之间的关系。研究发现：1） 优秀运动员职业倦怠结构中，个人成就感是个相对独立的维度，而情感耗竭和去人格化存在着显著的正相关；2） 情感耗竭、成就感、训练年限和年龄对运动员的退役意向有显著的回归效应，共能解释退役意向总变异的38.8%；3） 优秀运动员的职业压力源不能直接有效解释退役意向的总变异，但训练比赛压力和沟通压力均能有效预测运动员的情感耗竭和去人格化，运动员的压力是通过作用职业倦怠而间接地影响退役意向。 　　关键词：优秀运动员；压力；职业倦怠；退役意向 　　中图分类号：G804.8文献标识码：A文章编号：1007-3612(2008)09-1240-03 　　 　　On the Relation between Elite Athletes Pressure, Professional Burnout and Intention of Retirement 　　HU Gui-ying, XU Bai-hua 　　(Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, Zhejiang China) 　　Abstract:In this study, 188 in Zhejiang Province for the study of elite athletes, retired intention of using the self questionnaire, stress and burnout MBI questionnaire scale survey on the implementation of athletes, through the relevant analysis and multiple regression analysis of statistical methods, revealed The pressure of elite athletes, professional burnout and the relationship between the intention of retirement. Study found that:1) burnout elite athletes in the structure of personal accomplishment is a relatively independent dimensions, and the personification of emotional exhaustion and to the existence of significant positive correlation；2) emotional exhaustion, a sense of achievement, training and years of age The retired athletes intention of the return of a significant effect, a total of retired intention to explain the variance of 38.8%；3) outstanding professional athletes can not be direct and effective source of pressure to explain the intention of retirement of the variance, but the pressure of competition training and communication can effectively pressure Forecast for athletes to the emotional exhaustion and personification, the pressure on athletes through the role of professional burnout and indirectly affect intention to retire. 　　Key words: elite athletes; pressure; professional burnout; intention of retirement 　　 　　退役意向是指专业运动员有离开目前所从事的专项训练的倾向