双向同步选育油菜质核互作型不育系7103A研究.docVIP

双向同步选育油菜质核互作型不育系7103A研究 　　摘要:利用自育的质不育系104A及对应的保持系104B分别作母本,用自选的双低、高油分、高蛋白、高配合力、早熟的质不育系的恢复系自7103C作轮回亲本,采用双向同步(杂交、5次测交与3次回交2次自交双向同步)转育成新的双低、高油分、高蛋白、高配合力、早熟的质核互作不育系7103A及其对应的保持系7103B。7103A具有低芥酸0.20%、低硫甙17.60 μmol/g、高含油量44.42%、高配合力、早熟等优良性状,较易配制出强优势的杂交组合,具有较好的开发应用前景。 　　关键词:油菜;双向同步;质核互作型不育系 　　中图分类号:S634.3文献标识码: A 文章编号:1006-6500(2009)01-0025-03 　　 　　Two-way Synchronization Breeding Research on Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Line 7103A in Rape 　　CHENG Hui,WANG You-hua,LIU Xiang-chen,LU Zhao-cheng,HU Jian-tao,LIU Shi-jun,LAN Li-ming 　　(Agricultural Science Institute ofXinyang, Xinyang,Henan 464000, China) 　　Abstract:By utilizing the cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line 104A and the corresponding maintainer 104B respectively as females, with the double low, high oil content, high-protein, high combining ability, and the early maturity of the male sterile lines 7103C as recurrent parent, a two-way synchronization breeding (hybrid, 5 test cross, 3 backcross and 2 inbred ) were adopted to transfer the new cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line 7103A with double-low and high oil content, high-protein, high combining ability, and the early maturityand, and the new corresponding maintainer 7103B. 7103A had fine traits of low erucic acid of 0.20%, low sulfatide of 17.60 μmol/g, high oil content of 44.42%, high combining ability and early maturity. Hybrids combination from them showed generally high heterosis. So, the development prospect was bright. 　　Key words: rape;two-way synchronization;cytoplasmic-nuclear male sterile line 　　 　　油菜是信阳的主要经济作物之一,常年种植面积达19.3万hm2,主要集中于罗山、固始、商城及光山四县,其它县区也有零星种植。随着栽培技术水平的不断提高,品种不断更新,特别是双低杂交油菜的推广和普及,产品品质得到进一步改善,生产效益和农民收入不断增加,使我市油菜生产获得长足发展。虽然大多数在信阳推广的品种均能达到“双低”要求,但其含油量和饼粕中蛋白质含量都偏低,这直接制约信阳油菜籽深加工业,同样也制约着信阳油菜的产业化生产。由于信阳是水稻主产区,这就要求油菜早腾茬,广大农民也都喜好种植早熟油菜品种。目前世界油菜发展的两大趋势是优质化(双低化)、杂交化。优质已成为国际油菜商贸的必要条件,但由于优质、早熟与高产的负相关效应,使得我国育成的优质、早熟油菜品种在产量上很难得到大的提高。为此,从1999年开始,我们重点利用“杂优+优质+高含油+早熟”的指导思想,通过胞质雄性不育技术,采用双向同步(杂交、5次测交与3次回交2次自交双向同步)选育双低、高油分、高蛋白、高配合力、早熟的油菜质核互作型三系杂交种,