第三章-2：文艺复兴.ppt

Elizabethan Drama Introduction to drama Christopher Marlowe Shakespeare Origin of Drama: (1) In ancient Greece and Rome, drama was one of the most popular forms of entertainment; (2) Drama evolved from religious ritual, because at that time the Roman Catholic Church allowed dramatic performance as part of religious services; (3) By the 14th century, the liturgy had developed into mystery plays, miracle plays and later morality play. The vernacular had taken the place of Latin and laymen the place of clergymen; Genre of Literature: Drama/Play What is Drama? The word drama comes from the Greek verb dran, meaning “to perform.” When we speak drama, we mean a story in dialogue performed by actors, on a stage, before an audience--- in other words, a play. We also use the term drama in a more general sense to refer to the literary genre that encompasses all written plays and to the profession of writing, producing, and performing plays. The Classification of Drama Tragedy: a type of drama in which the characters experience reversals of fortune, usu. for the worse. In tragedy catastrophe and suffering await many of the characters, esp. the hero. Comedy: a type of drama in which the characters experience reversals of fortune, usu. for the better. In comedy things work out happily in the end. “Comedy moves from confusion to order, from ignorance to understanding, from law to liberty, from unhappiness to satisfaction, from separation to union, from barrenness to fertility, from singleness to marriage, from two to one.” Tragicomedy: a type of play that involves elements of both tragedy and comedy usually with the tragic predominating. Historical plays “I mean by ‘language that has been artistically enhanced,’ that which is accompanied by rhythm and harmony and song; and by the phrase ‘each of the kinds of linguistic adornment applied separately in various parts of the play,’ I mean that some parts are accomplished by meter alone and othe