基于LandsatTM卫星影像中亚水体动态变化研究.docVIP

基于LandsatTM卫星影像中亚水体动态变化研究 　　摘要：当今世界卫星遥感和图像处理技术迅速崛起并飞速发展，利用卫星遥感数据对水资源进行分析和监测已成为必然趋势。中亚五国地处欧亚大陆核心腹地，是丝绸之路经济带的陆上要塞，地区内常年干旱少雨，国家间水体面积差异显著。利用LandsatTM/ETM+卫星遥感影像数据，基于决策树分类方法，进行提取中亚水体信息，选取中亚主要湖泊、河渠作为典型研究区，研究2000年、2010年和2015年的水体动态变化。研究结果表明，中亚水体总面积为123 98480 km2，其中湖泊面积为111 85663 km2，河渠面积为6 32359 km2，自然坑塘面积为5 80458 km2，湖泊、河渠和自然坑塘面积分别占中亚水体总面积的9021%、510%和468%；中亚地区除乌兹别克斯坦国水资源充足外，其余国家水资源相对匮乏；典型研究区中咸海、额尔齐斯河和乌拉尔河变差系数相对较大，分别为4118%、2482%和1468%；总体来看，中亚水体面积正逐年减少，研究中亚水体分布及动态变化有助于推进“一带一路”战略。 　　关键词：遥感；水体面积变化；中亚 　　中图分类号：P237文献标志码：A文章编号： 　2018 　　Abstract： 　　At present，with the rapid development of remote sensing and image processing technologies，using remote sensing data for analyzing and monitoring water resources has become an inevitable trend.The five Central Asian countries are located at the core of Eurasia，and are considered as a stronghold of the Silk Road economic belt.They have little rainfall all the year round，and differ greatly in water area.Based on LandsatTM/ETM+ imagery，using the method of decision tree classification，we extracted the information of Central Asian water，and selected the major lakes and canals of Central Asia as the typical research areas to study the change of water area in 2000，2010，and 2015.The results demonstrated that the total water area of Central Asia is 123 984.80 km2，which includes 111 856 km2 of lake area，6 32359 km2 of river area，and 5804.58 km2 of pond area.These three types respectively accounted for 9021%，510%，and 468% of the total water area.In addition，while Uzbekistan has abundant water resources，the other countries in Central Asia are all relatively short of water resources.Among the typical areas，the Aral Sea，Irtysh River，and Ural River have large coefficients of deterioration，which are 4118%，2482%，and 1468% respectively.Generally，the water area is decreasing year by year in Central Asia.The study on the distribution and dynamic change of water resources in Central Asia can contribute to The Belt and Road strategy.