总结涡轮增压器使用过程中_注意事项.docVIP

HYPERLINK HYPERLINK HYPERLINK HYPERLINK 总结涡轮增压器使用过程中的注意事项 涡轮增压器是利用发动机排气管排出的高速气流带动涡轮旋转，并通过同轴旋转的进气叶轮增大进气管的空气压力，增加气缸的充气量，提高发动机功率，并降低排放，该技术在建筑机械上应用日趋广泛。 Turbocharger is the use of engine exhaust pipes of high speed air turbine rotation, and through the coaxial rotation of the impeller at the inlet increased intake pipe of the air pressure, increase your cylinder, increase engine power, and reduce emissions, the technology is increasingly widely used in construction machinery. 由于废气涡轮增压器安装在排气管上，工作环境恶劣，通常处在500℃高温和每分钟10～20万转的高速下工作，且与发动机共用一套润滑系统，润滑条件差，如使用维护不当，很容易导致增压器损坏，使发动机无法正常工作。我们只有了解其结构、原理，掌握正确的使用与维护方法，才能有效提高机械的寿命，充分发挥其性能。 Due to exhaust gas turbochargers installed on the exhaust pipe, bad work environment, usually at 500 ℃ high temperature and under 10 ~ RPM high speed work, and use a set of lubrication system and engine, poor lubrication condition, such as the use of improper maintenance, very easy to cause the turbocharger is damaged, the engine cant work normally. We only know its structure, principle, to master the correct use and maintenance method, can effectively improve the mechanical life, give full play to its performance. 一、废气涡轮增压器的工作原理 A, the working principle of exhaust gas turbocharger 涡轮增压器主要由涡轮机、中间体和压气机三大部分组成(如图所示)。涡轮机的主要作用是利用发动机排出的废气冲击涡轮作功，以驱动压气机叶轮高速旋转。压气机的作用是将涡轮旋转的动能转变为空气的压力能，使进入发动机的空气压力有效提高，增大空气进入量。中间体既是增压器的支承机构，又是增压器的润滑冷却装置。工作时，增压器转子轴一端的涡轮叶轮在气缸排出的废气驱动下，带动另一端的压气机叶轮高速旋转(30000～转/分钟)，同时，涡轮带动离心式压气机提高进气压力，并通过中冷器冷却，增大空气的密度后进入气缸，使每个工作循环进入气缸的新鲜空气量增加，从而喷入更多的燃油。高压空气流经进气管进入气缸与喷入气缸的更多柴油混合燃烧，显著改善了发动机的燃烧过程，可提高发动机功率30％～50％，降低油耗8％左右。 Turbocharger is mainly composed of turbines, intermediates and compressor three parts (as shown). Turbine is the main purpose of using engine exhaust from impact turbine work, to drive the compressor impeller rotating at a high speed. Is the role of compressor turbine rotational kinetic energy is transformed into the air pressure can, is making the air pressure into the engine effectively, increase the amount of ai