基于蒸发皿蒸发量黄瓜滴灌灌溉制度试验研究.docVIP

基于蒸发皿蒸发量黄瓜滴灌灌溉制度试验研究 　　摘要：日光温室覆膜滴灌条件下，采用Φ20标准蒸发皿的水面蒸发量为控制灌溉参数，研究了不同蒸发皿系数（Kcp=0.6，0.8，1.0，和1.2）的灌水量对黄瓜生长的影响。试验结果表明：在秋冬茬口的日光温室内，垄作覆膜滴灌条件下，黄瓜的株高、叶面积以及经济产量都随着灌水量的增加而提高，但灌溉水利用效率随之降低。综合考虑黄瓜产量和灌溉水利用效率，日光温室覆膜滴灌条件下秋冬茬口黄瓜生产时，当灌水周期为2 d时，蒸发皿系数取为08～10，产量和灌溉水利用效率都较高，推荐作为该茬口的灌溉制度技术指标。 　　关键词：日光温室；黄瓜；蒸发皿蒸发量；滴灌；产量；灌溉水利用效率 　　中图分类号：S274.1文献标志码：A文章编号： 　　1672-1683（2015）001-0075-03 　　Study on cucumber drip irrigation scheduling in solar Greenhouse based on water surface evaporation of a 20 cm standard pan 　　WU Jian1，JIAO Yan-ping2，3，WANG Fu-tian2，3，LI Yue-xia2，3，LIU Yi-ming4 　　（1.Hebei Research Institvte of Investigation and Design of Water Conservancy and Hydro power，Tianjin 300250，China；2.Hebei Provincial Academy of Water Resources，Shijiazhuang 050051，China；3.Hebei Engineering Research Center for Water Saving in Agriculture，Shijiazhuang 050051，China；4.Semi-arid Agriculture Engineering and Technology Research Center of China，Shijiazhuagn 050051，China） 　　Abstract：Based on the irrigation interval of 2 days，this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different pan coefficient（Kcp=06，08，10，12）on the growth and irrigation water use efficiency of cucumber under mulch drip irrigation in solar greenhouse in 2013.Irrigation amount were determined by water surface evaporation（Ep） measured by a standard 02 m diameter pan.The results showed that the plant height，LAI，and SPAD reading of cucumber all increased with the increasing of irrigation amount.The higher irrigation amount lead to the increase of fruit yields，but the highest irrigation water use efficiency were achieved with the pan coefficient of 06.From the view point of high yield and water saving，the pan coefficient of 08 or 10 should be suggested as a guideline to irrigate cucumber in solar greenhouse. 　　Key words：solar greenhouse；cucumber；pan evaporation；drip irrigation；yield；irrigation water use efficiency 　　蒸发皿蒸发量反映了温度、湿度、风速、太阳辐射以及平流等气象要素对蒸发力的综合影响，已被广泛应用于不同尺度的农田观测。关于作物耗水量与蒸发皿蒸发量的关系，国内外学者进行了大量研究。对于A级蒸发皿，蒸发皿系数（作物耗水量与蒸发量比