数控技术专业英语（第2版）第1单元计算机数控加工简介.PPT

Unit 1  Introduction to Computer Numerical Control Manufacturing 第1单元 计算机数控加工简介 Reading Target After reading this unit, you should be able to explain what computer numerical control (CNC) is and what basic components comprise CNC systems. Text 1.1Definition of Computer Numerical Control and its components A computer numerical control (CNC) machine is an NC machine with the added feature of an on-board computer. The on-board computer is often referred to as the machine control unit or MCU. 1.1 CNC的定义及其系统组成 计算机数控机床就是在NC机床的基础上附加一个内置式计算机，这种内置式计算机通常被称为机床控制单元或MCU。NC机床的控制单元通常由硬件构成，也就是说机床的功能是由控制器内置的物理电子元件控制的。 Text Control units for NC machines are usually hard wired. This means that a machine functions are controlled by the physical electronic elements that are built into the controller. Simply put, numerical control is a method of automatically operating a manufacturing machine based on a code of letters, numbers, and special characters. NC机床的控制单元通常由硬件构成，也就是说机床的功能是由控制器内置的物理电子元件控制的。简单地说，数字控制是基于代码自动操作制造类机床的一种方法，这些代码由字母、数字和特殊字符组成。 A complete set of coded instructions for executing an operation is called a program. Such programs are stored in RAM or the random-access memory portion of the computer. They can be played back, edited, and processed by the control. Thus, the machine functions are encoded into the computer at the time of manufacture. 所谓的程序就是用于执行某一操作的一整套代码表示的指令，而这些程序是存放在计算机的随机存储器中的，控制器可以对它们进行重新调用，编写以及处理等操作。因此，我们可以通过对计算机进行编码从而在加工时实现机床操作的各种功能。 Text The components found in many CNC systems are shown in Figure 1-1 . Machine control unit: generates, stores and processes CNC programs. The machine control unit also contains the machine motion controller in the form of an executive software program. NC machine: responds to programmed signals from the machine control unit and manufactures the part. CNC系统中常见的组成部分如图1-1所示。 机床控制单元：生成、存储和处理CNC程序。机床控制单元还包括机床运动控制