数控技术专业英语（第2版）第2单元机床轴系统.PPT

Unit 2 The Axis System 第2单元 机床轴系统 Reading Target After reading this unit, you should be able to identify standard axis framework on a vertical milling machine using the “right-hand rule ” . Text 2.1 What is a machine axis? Axes is the plural of axis. They both mean a reference for motion and position. An axis is a central line to which all CNC movement is compared or referenced. The axis system is a worldwide standard for machine movement. 2.1 什么是机床轴？ Axes是axis的复数形式。他们都是运动和位置的参考基准。一根轴就是指一条中心线，CNC的所有运动都是相对于该轴的，或者说是以该轴为基准的。 2.2 Motion and direction Axes are used to identify motion. All CNC machines require some method of identifying which motion is needed in the program. For example, on a vertical milling machine, if the programmer requires motion left or right, the X axis is called upon, while in and out motion of the table would require the Y axis. 2.2 机床轴的运动及方向 轴是用来识别运动的。所有的CNC机床都需要一些方法用于识别程序中需要哪些运动。举例来说：对于立式铣床，程序员如果要使刀具左右运动，就要调用X轴；同样若需要内外运动就要调用Y轴。 Text Direction is determined by sign value. Once the axis is identified, the sign of the axis, plus or minus, determines the direction of its movement: left or right, in or out, up or down, clockwise or counterclockwise. 方向通过符号值来确定。一旦坐标轴确定，它的方向就有一个正或负，从而决定了机床的运动方向为左右，内外，顺时针或逆时针。 Text Fig. 2-1. The three axes of a vertical milling machine. The X usually parallel to the floor on most CNC machines. （立式铣床的三根轴。在大多数CNC机床上，X轴通常平行于地面。） Text Refer to the milling machine in Fig. 2-1. The X axis of this milling machine table is the left and right movement. If the programmer needs a tool movement to the right, he or she would call out a plus X movement. A movement to the left would be minus X. Movement of the tool inward (away from the operator) is plus Y, and tool-up would be plus Z. 以图2-1铣床为例：铣床工作台上X轴的方向代表左右运动方向，编程时如果要使刀具向右运动，则需要发出X轴正向移动的命令。同理，向左运动需要X轴负向；而刀具向内（远离操作员）时为Y轴正向,向上为Z轴正向。 Text 2.3 The axis framework N