水氮耦合对苹果幼树生长及15N 吸收利用影响.docVIP

水氮耦合对苹果幼树生长及15N 吸收利用影响 　　摘要： 　　以两年生红富士/平邑甜茶为试材，采用15N同位素标记示踪法，在滴灌施氮条件下研究3个氮水平与3个水量对苹果幼树生长及15N 吸收、利用的影响。结果表明：随着氮肥及水量的增加，苹果植株新稍长度、干物质总量、植株15N吸收量均显著提高，高水高氮（W3N3）处理苹果植株新稍长度、干物质总量、植株15N吸收量最高，分别是77.98 cm、62.59 g、14.06 mg ，低水低氮（W1N1）处理最低，分别为21.40 cm 、35.29 g、3.55 mg。根系活力、叶绿素含量、植株各器官Ndff随着水、氮量增加而显著提高。15N利用率随着水量的增加而显著提高，随着氮量的增加而显著降低，W3N1处理最高，为20.0032%，W1N3处理最低，为9.0382%。 　　关键词：苹果；水氮耦合；生长； 15N；吸收；利用 　　中图分类号：S661.106文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2015）05-0049-05 　　Influence of Water-Nitrogen Coupling on Growth 　　and 15N Absorption and Utilization of Apple Saplings 　　Ren Yihua， Feng Yanguang， Chen Jianming， Jiang Han， Ge Shunfeng， Wei Shaochong， Jiang Yuanmao* 　　（College of Horticulture Science and Engineering， Shandong Agricultural University/ 　　State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology， Taian 271018，China） 　　AbstractThe effects of three nitrogen levels and three water levels under drip irrigation on the growth and 15N absorption and utilization of apple saplings were studied in field using 15N-labeled tracer method and with 2-year-old Red Fuji/Malus hupenensis as materials. The results showed that the shoot length， total dry matter quantity and 15N absorption increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer and water amount； and they were the highest under W3N3 treatment as 77.98 cm， 62.59 g， and 14.06 mg respectively， while the lowest under W1N1 treatment as 21.40 cm， 35.29 g and 3.55 mg respectively. The root activity， chlorophyll content and Ndff in organs increased significantly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer and water amount. The use rate of 15N increased significantly with the increase of water amount but decreased significantly with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate. The 15N use rate was the highest as 20.0032% under W3N1 treatment， but was the lowest as 9.0382% under W1N3 treatment. 　　Key wordsApple； Water-nitrogen coupling； Growth； 15N； Absorption； Utilization 　　我国水资源人均占有量约为世界人均的1/4，被列为世界13 个贫水国家之一。耕地的平均占有径流量为28.32×103 m3?hm-2，仅为世界平均数的80