世道与人心——弗洛姆的诊断 治疗和拯救-world road and peoples heart fromms diagnosis, treatment and rescue.docxVIP

华 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II Abstract In Fromm’s Theory, alienation was not only a disease of the society, but also a disease of hearts. On one hand, the essentials of alienation of labour are dehumanization and alienation of human nature in Marxist, who is the protestor of humanity aiming to liberate human beings. On the other hand, Freud is also a humanist who believes alienation is the alienation of minds, in which desire is suppressed and abnormal and the liberation of human beings are also that of hearts. Pathological diagnosed by Fromm started from the spiritual diagnose of human beings’ world. Humanity is the combination of both kind and evil. Loving life, loving others and independence are positive characters from the view of individual’s character, while loving death, autophilia and fornication are negative. Creation tendency and growth syndrome are positive from the respect of social character, while anti-creation tendency and decline syndrome are negative. The therapeutic schedule raised by Fromm contains every aspect from “hearts” to “society”: satisfying human beings’ needs ， including needs of love, aspire of liberty, self-actualization and so on. This is the humanity objective of his therapeutic schedule, which is realized by developing a sane personality and constructing a sane society. Fromm’s treatment is to set love a principle of ethics and a faith: the world of human beings should be filled of love, which is the trust of human beings as well as a positive liberty. Love is an art that needs to overcome the autophilia of oneself and develop humility, objectivity, rationality and exogeneity. The “sane society” should contain a lot of different levels and aspects from “hearts” to “society”, which should be constructed systematically considering every factor. Fromm’s theory is meaningful for “the sane society” but its applicable conditions and specific researches shouldn’t be ignored. Keywords: Sociality; Mentality; Alienation; Human