护理干预对颅脑损伤气管切开留置胃管患者误吸并发症影响.docVIP

护理干预对颅脑损伤气管切开留置胃管患者误吸并发症影响 　　【摘要】 目的：分析护理干预对颅脑损伤气管切开患者误吸及肺部感染的影响。方法：选择本院于2011-2014年收治的颅脑损伤气管切开且留置胃管鼻饲患者116例，将患者随机分为两组，每组各58例，对照组实施常规护理，试验组实施护理干预，对两组的护理效果进行观察分析与比较。结果：试验组患者胃管留置时间明显短于对照组且误吸、肺部感染等发生率明显低于对照组，对照组患者并发症发生率为56.9%，而试验组仅为6.9%，各指标组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P0.05）；对照组护理总满意度为77.59%，试验组为96.55%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P0.05）。结论：实施综合护理干预能够改善颅脑损伤昏迷气管切开患者的预后，减少并发症，值得临床推广。 　　【关键词】 护理干预； 颅脑损伤； 气管切开； 留置胃管； 影响 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the influence of nursing intervention in patients with craniocerebral injury tracheostomy aspiration and lung infection.Method：116 patients with craniocerebral injury tracheotomy and indwelling gastric tube nasogastric were selected in our hospital from 2011 to 2014，patients were randomly divided into two groups，58 cases in each group，the control group was treated with routine nursing，the experimental group was treated with nursing intervention，the nursing effect of the two groups was analyzed and compared.Result：The gastric tube indwelling time of the experimertal group was significantly shorter than the control group，aspiration and lung infection rates were significantly lower than the control group，the incidence of complications was 56.9%，while the experimental group was only 6.9%，the differences were statistically significant（P0.05）；the total satisfaction degree of nursing in the control group was 77.59%，the experimental group was 96.55%，the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion：The implementation of comprehensive nursing intervention can improve the prognosis of craniocerebral trauma coma patients with tracheotomy，reduce the complications，it is worthy of clinical promotion. 　　【Key words】 Nursing intervention； Craniocerebral injury； Trachea incision； Indwelling gastric tube； Impact 　　对患者行气管切开治疗后，由于气道与外部环境直接相通，患者的饮食与给药十分不便，且容易导致肺部感染。基于这种现象，临床通常会采用留置胃管的方式，以方便鼻饲食物和药物，满足机体代谢需求。但大量的临床留置胃管资料显示，由于多种因素作用，容易出现置管困难、置管异常、反流误吸现象，从而颅脑损伤影响患者的治疗效果[1-2]。因此，本院在胃管留置期间为颅脑损伤昏迷行气管切开后胃管留置的患者实施护理干预措施，其对改善颅脑损伤患者气管切开后行胃管留置的安全性与效果，促进患者早日康复起到了良好的作用，现作