【毕业论文】聚氨酯弹性体应用.docVIP

东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） PAGE PAGE I 东北石油大学本科生毕业设计（论文） 摘 要 智能水凝胶在药物控制释放、酶的固定化及生物物质分离提纯等方面有着诱人的应用前景，近年来受到普遍关注。本文以戊二醛为交联剂、硝酸铈铵为引发剂制备了CHI/PVP（壳聚糖/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮）智能水凝胶，对其环境敏感性能进行了研究，并采用红外分析（FTIR）表征了凝胶结构。实验研究了CHI/PVP水凝胶的质量比、引发剂用量、交联剂用量、反应时间和反应温度等合成条件对凝胶溶胀性能的影响。结果表明，当PVP用量、引发剂用量、交联剂用量与CHI质量比例分别为的10:1、2.5wt.%、0.3wt.%时，在60℃下反应时间10h可制备出具有很好环境敏感性的水凝胶。温敏性实验显示，所制备的凝胶在60℃附近出现最大平衡溶胀率。pH敏感实验表明，当pH=4.0时，凝胶溶胀率最大，中性溶液中稍弱，强酸性和强碱性中最小。FITR表征结果显示，CHI与PVP产生了接枝共聚。 关键词：智能水凝胶；壳聚糖(CHI)；温敏性；pH敏感性 Abstract In recent years, the environment-sensitive hydrogels are obtained considerable attention because of their potential applications in many aspects, including drug delivery system, enzyme immobilization and biomaterials separation and purification. In this paper, CHI / PVP (Chitosan/Polyvinylpyrrolidone) hydrogels were prepared, using glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent and ammoniumcericnitrate as initiator. The measurements of environmental sensitivity were carried out. The structures of hydrogels were characterized by FTIR. The influences of the mass ratio of PVP to chitosan, the amount of initiator, cross-linking agent, reaction time, and temperature on the distilled water absorption amount of hydrogels were investigated. The experiments results indicated the optimum reaction conditions are of the ratio of PVP to CHI of 10, 2.5wt.% initiator, 0.3wt.% cross-linking agent, 60℃ and 10h. The thermo-sensitive experiments showed that the maximum equilibrium swelling rate was near 60℃ The pH-sensitive experiments showed that the maximum swelling rate of hydrogels was at pH 4.0. while under the neutral solution, the hydrogels would shrink slightly. And it would shrink strongly in strong acid and strong alkaline solution. FITR indicated that graft copolymer reaction between polyvinylpyrrolidone and chitosan. Keywords: Intelligent hydrogels; Chitosan; Thermo-sensitive; pH-sensitive 目 录 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc264905121 第1章 绪论 PAGEREF _Toc264905121 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc264905122 1.1 水凝胶简介 PA