根际土壤元素有效性与丹参质量相关性分析.docVIP

根际土壤元素有效性与丹参质量相关性分析 　　[摘要]全国8个省25个产地栽培和野生丹参根际土壤的分析结果表明，丹参产区土壤有效氮（N）、磷（P）、钾（K）、硼（B）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、锌（Zn）、铜（Cu）含量丰缺水平差异较大。有效P，Fe极其丰富，有效K，Zn，Cu较为丰富，有效N，Mn含量较大面积上缺乏，整个产区有效B极缺乏。各元素之间存在不同程度的相关性，并与10种丹参活性成分也存在相关性，其中有效N，B，Fe，Mn影响最为显著，其余成分未呈现统计学意义。研究表明土壤营养元素有效性影响着丹参品质，丹参肥料管理的重点是分阶段控制N，B，Fe，Mn肥，并应减少磷肥的施用或不施用磷肥。 　　[关键词]丹参；根际土壤；元素有效性；有效成分 　　[Abstract]In order to investigate the content and distribution of available element in the rhizonsphere soil of the growing areas of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge， the contents of available element （N，P，K，B，Cu，Zn，Fe，Mn） in 26 soil samples were tested and evaluated The results showed that the contents of available P and Fe were very plentiful， available K， Cu and Zn were rich， available N and Mn were deficient， available B was extremely deficient in all growing areas of S miltiorrhiza of eight provinces in China The correlation analysis showed that the contents of eight kinds of available elements were varying degree correlation The stepwise regression analysis between the contents of available elements of rhizonsphere soil and ten kinds of active ingredients of Danshen （Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma） were researched The results showed that the rates of contribution of available N，B，Mn and Fe to quality of Danshen were relatively large and they were the significant factors， and the other factors did not show statistical significance The recommended fertilizing strategies is that the usage of N，B and Mn fertilizers should be controlled according to different stages of growth of S miltiorrhiza， and P fertilizer should be reduced in all growing areas of S miltiorrhiza 　　[Key words]Salvia miltiorrhiza； rhizonsphere soil； the effectiveness of element； active ingredient 　　doi：10.4268/cjcm 　　土壤是植物营养元素的主要来源，土壤中元素含量、形态分布和有效性不仅与成土母质和成土过程等有关，还受耕作制度、施用肥料和种植作物等因素的影响[1]。根际是植物和土壤相互作用的界面，也是物质和能量交换的结点[2]。植物通过根际分泌行为影响着土壤营养元素的形态和有效性[34]，从而影响植物的生长发育、代谢活动和元素积累[56]。无机元素对药用植物生长发育和有效成分积累密切相关[79]。研究表明，大量元素缺乏有利于丹参酮类物质积累[10]，铁、锰、锌、硼和铜微肥能促进丹参干物质累积[1113