芳香化酶抑制剂对中华条颈龟性别分化影响.docVIP

芳香化酶抑制剂对中华条颈龟性别分化影响 　　摘要：为研究芳香化酶抑制剂（Aromatase inhibitor，AI）Letrozole对中华条颈龟（Mauremys sinensis）性别分化的影响，在（30.0±0.5） ℃下孵化受精卵，孵化20 d时涂抹不同质量浓度Letrozole，出壳稚龟暂养1周后进行性别鉴定。结果表明，去离子水对照组孵化子代稚龟雌性占63.64%，雄性和间性各占13.6%和22.73%，差异极显著（P0.05）和孵化期（P0.05）。对AI处理组的性腺进行组织学观察，雌转雄精巢曲细精管发育良好，组织结构典型；未完全雄性化的卵睾体，髓质有少量发育完整的曲细精管，皮层退化成薄薄的一层，组织结构处于睾丸与卵巢之间。在产雌温度下， 性分化前使用AI能较好地诱导中华条颈龟由雌性转为雄性。 　　关键词：中华条颈龟（Mauremys sinensis）；芳香化酶抑制剂；性腺；性别分化 　　中图分类号：Q45；Q959.6+3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2015）06-1430-04 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.06.037 　　Abstract：In order to study effect of aromatase inhibitor on sex differetiation of Mauremys sinensis， eggs were daubed under 30.0±0.5 ℃ with aromatase inhibitors（Letrozole） in the 20th day of the hatching period. Sex identification of hatched hatchlings were carried out after holding one week. The results showed that female of hatched offspring was 63.64%， male and intersexual was 13.64% and 22.73% with the significant difference（P0.05） and incubation period （P0.05）. Histological observation of the gonads of the AI-treated group showed that female turn to male testes seminiferous tubules well developed and organizational structure was typical. There was incomplete masculinization of ovotestis body. A small amount of growth medulla completed seminiferous tubules. Cortical degraded into a thin layer between the or ganizational structure between the testis and ovary. It will provide important and useful information for husbandry and management of the M.sinensis. 　　Key words： Mauremys sinensis； aromatase inhibitor； sex gonad； sex differentiation 　　龟鳖动物性别决定模式主要为温度依赖型性别决定机制（Temperature-dependent sex determination，TSD），即性别分化取决于胚胎发育过程中温度敏感期（Temperature sensitive period，TSP）的环境温度高低[1]。不利的环境温度能够干扰龟类孵化和性比，性比失调可能使很多物种成为濒危保护动物，甚至导致动物种群的衰落或灭亡[2]。在龟鳖类资源严重破坏的现状下，通过饲养繁殖，使用有效方法控制龟类性别分化，能提高繁育率。在养殖条件下控制龟类性比，通常采取调节孵化温度方法，如有些龟类低温产雄性、高温产雌性[3-5]，或通过外源激素或内源激素调控改变龟类性别。外源雌激素（雌二醇 E2）处理孵化卵，可以诱导雄性温度条件下的胚胎发育成雌性，但外源雄激素睾酮T处理却不能诱导雌性温度条件下孵化的卵发育成雄性，因为雄激素T被芳香化酶（Aromatase）催化后转换成了雌激素E2[6]。AI