西方文学样式研究传统与走向.docVIP

西方文学样式研究传统与走向 　　内容提要：自亚里士多德两千多年前提出文学样式说以来，西方文学样式研究得到长足的发展。新古典主义、浪漫主义、俄国形式主义、结构主义、后现代派和解构主义、社会学、女权主义等等，从不同的理论和意识形态视角观照洞察，所获丰厚。不过，没有任何一种视角可以独揽文学世界的群峰叠岭，垄断对样式的本体、认知和技巧诸方面的阐释。经过后现代派、解构主义等革命之后的一个基本共识是：样式不是超然物外的艺术纯粹，不是苍白僵冷、泾渭分明的标签，而是具体历史、文化和意识形态的产物或构建，是繁复交错、鲜活亢奋的流动。 　　关键词：文学理论 文学批评 文学样式 文学样式研究 　　作者简介：祁寿华，美国西康州州立大学英语教授,主要研究英国维多尼亚时期文学、美国小说和写作学。已经出版有《回应悲剧缪斯的呼唤：托马斯#8226;哈代小说和诗歌研究文集》（合著）、《西方写作理论、教学和实践》、《紫金山燃烧的时刻》（原创小说，汉英两个版本）等十几部著作。 　　 　　Title: Traditions and Trends in Western Literary Genre Studies 　　Abstract: The topic of literary genres seems innocuous and straight??forward enough. However, recent scholars have challenged the traditional hierarchical and taxonomic approaches to genre study and dismissed them as problematic both philosophically and pragmatically. This article attempts to review major perspectives in genre study from classical to contemporary as well as some of the most important issues scholars in genre study have been grabbling with: genre definitions in terms of textual properties and family resemblances; genre as fixed labels and fluid, ever changing processes; genre as ideal types and as cultural, historical specifics; genre as literary artifacts and as embodiments of ideological assumptions (and tools for social control and subversion); genre in terms of the dynamics between producers (of texts) and consumers (readers and interpreters). 　　Key words:literary theory literary criticism literary genres genre studies 　　Author: Qi Shouhua, Ph.D. and Professor of English at Western Connecticut State University, teaches both graduate and undergraduate courses in literature and creative writing. Among his research interests are Victorian literature, American fiction, and rhetoric/composition studies. He has published over 10 works like ??Voices in Tragic Harmony: Essays On Thomas Hardy’s Fiction and Poetry?? (co??author),??The Well??Beloved?? (translation), and ??When the Purple Mountain Burns: A Novel?? (English, simplified and traditional Chinese edit