计算机辅助导航技术在骨科中应用进展.docVIP

计算机辅助导航技术在骨科中应用进展 　　[摘要] 随着信息科学和生命科学发展，计算机辅助外科手术技术为外科技术的发展开辟了一个崭新的领域。计算机辅助外科手术技术是利用现代数字影像技术如CT、MRI、PET所得到图像数据，通过计算机处理和分析，模拟手术操作，同时结合空间定位导航系统，实现术中实时三维可视定位，从而进行手术导航（3D Navigation），使外科手术更趋于精确和微创。特别是近几年来导航在骨科中的应用，在导航下开展创伤、脊柱、关节已成为近期热点，其特点是定位精确，提高了手术的精确性，减少了手术时间及X线的照射量，降低了手术并发症。本文从导航的发展、系统组成 、临床应用、存在的问题等方面进行综述，并对其发展趋势提出展望。 　　[关键词] 计算机导航；骨科；临床应用 　　[中图分类号] R318 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210（2016）01（c）-0055-05 　　Advances in computer-aided navigation technology in orthopedics 　　GUO Weichun1 HUANG Wenjun1 WANG Guangye2 　　l.Department of Orthopaedics， Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University， Hubei Province， Wuhan 430060， China； 2.Department of Orthopaedics， the Second Peoples Hospital of Wuhu， Anhui Province， Wuhu 241000， China 　　[Abstract] With the development of information science and life sciences， computer-assisted surgery technologies has opened up a new field for the development of surgical techniques. Computer-assisted surgical techniques is the use of modern digital imaging techniques such as CT， MRI， PET image data obtained by computer processing and analysis， simulated surgical procedure， combined with the spatial positioning and navigation system， intraoperative real-time three-dimensional visual positioning to carry out surgical navigation （3D Navigation）， so that surgery tends to be more accurate and minimally invasive. Especially in recent years navigation in orthopedic applications， the navigation carried out under trauma， spine， joint， has become a recent hot spot， which is characterized by precise positioning， improving the accuracy of surgery， reducing the exposure time and surgery complications. From the development of navigation， system composition， clinical application， existing problems and so on are summarized in this artical， and the trend of the development outlook is put forward. 　　[Key words] Computer navigation； Orthopedics； Clinical application 　　随着计算机及图像技术的迅猛发展，计算机辅助导航系统（computer assisted navigation system，CANS）应运而生，并成为现代外科技术的重要组成部分。由于在手术过程中能示