英语语法.句子类型doc.doc.doc

英语语法—句子类型 几类常见的部分倒装句类型 1. 否定型倒装 在正式文体中，如果将never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首，则其后的句子要用部分倒装。如： 后来我再也没见到过他了。 I never saw him again. →Never did I see him again. 他很少出去吃饭。 He seldom goes out for dinner. →Seldom does he go out for dinner. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 She hardly has time to listen to music. →Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 他几乎没有认识到他面临的危险。 He little realized the danger he faced. →Little did he realize the danger he faced. 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序。如： 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. →Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装。如： On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 2. only型倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时，其后用部分倒装语序。如： Only in this way can we learn English. 只有这样才能学会英语。 Only then did I understand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。 Only for the love of his family does he do such hard work. 只为了他对家庭的爱，他做这么辛苦的工作。 3. so型倒装 当副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时，其后通常用部分倒装。如： So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想象它的速度。 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然，我们来不及逃跑。 以so开头的句子还有这样一种倒装——表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者，这类倒装的基本结构是“so+助动词+主语”。如： You are young and so am I. 你年轻，我也年轻。 She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐，我也喜欢。 If he can do it, so can I. 要是他能做此事，我也能。 4. not only型倒装 当not only…but also位于句首引出句子时，not only 后的句子通常用部分倒装形式。如： Not only is he a teacher, but he is also a poet. 他不仅是一位教师，而且是一位诗人。 Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily. 不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。 if类省略结构小结 一、if从句省略“主语+be” 若if从句的主语与主句主语一致，且if从句的主语后跟有动词be，那么通常可以省略if从句的“主语+be”。如： If accepted for this post, you will be informed within a week.= If you are accepted for this post, you will be informed within a week. 如果你被接受担任这个职务，将在一礼拜内给你通知。 If traveling north, you must