长距离高精度GPS跨障碍高程传递进一步研究.docVIP

长距离高精度GPS跨障碍高程传递进一步研究 　　摘要:基于垂线偏差与高程基准无关的性质,由GPS水准实施垂线偏差的低通滤波,并精确估计其二次变化率,最终实现无重力数据的长距离、高精度跨障碍高程传递。对新方法的滤波及拟合过程进行数值分析,并将其截断误差转换为频域表达形式,再通过球谐函数建立代表误差与重力场阶方差的关系式。考虑到局部重力场的高频甚高频差异,根据Graaff Hunfer经验公式和不同地形类别的代表误差统计值,将Tscherning-Rapp模型改造为区域阶方差模型,以精确估计具体地形条件下的代表误差。杭州湾大桥跨海高程控制测量的实验结果与模拟分析一致:31 km跨海高程传递成果与独立的一等几何水准比较,最大较差19 mm,优于二等几何水准精度。 　　关键词:跨障碍高程传递;天文GPS水准;垂线偏差;高程异常;代表误差 　　中图分类号:U442,U452,P223文献标识码:A 　　Further studies for precise long-distance GPS height transference across obstacle 　　XU Xi 1,2,ZHU Jian-jun 2,LI Li 1,YANG Wen-ya 3 　　(1. College of Civil Engineering, Hunan Univ, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China ; 　　2. College of Information Physics Engineering, Central South Univ, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; 　　3. Hunan Capital Group, National Geological Exploration Center of Building Materials Industry, Zhuzhou , Hunan412000 , China) 　　Abstract: Based on independence of vertical deflection and height datum, a new method is offered for precise long-distance height transference across obstacle without gravity data, in which GPS leveling becomes a low-pass filter for vertical deflection and its second order change rate is evaluated accurately. Numerical analysis is done for filtering and fitting in the new method, and its truncation error is converted into frequency domain. Consequently, the correlation is acquired between representation errors and geopotential degree-variances through spherical harmonic expansion. Considering the difference of regional earth’s gravity fields in high and very high frequency band, the Tscherning-Rapp model is modified as regional geopotential degree-variance model in order to evaluate accurately representation errors corresponding to all kinds of topography, by using “Graaff Hunfer” experiential formula and statistical coefficients of representation errors with topographic classifications. The experiment of height control survey across 31km width was done for Hangzhou Bay Bridge. The result was in accordance with the simulation. It