产业区际转移和西部城乡协调发展研究.docVIP

产业区际转移和西部城乡协调发展研究 　　[摘要] 我国现阶段的产业区际转移，本质上是东部传统劳动和资源密集型产业资本的跨区流动与梯度扩散，具有促进西部城乡协调发展的内在机制和功能。西部地区应当充分把握和利用其中蕴含的机遇和力量，克服西部城乡协调发展内源驱动不足的缺陷。一方面，积极承接农业产业转移，促进西部农业产业结构的调整和优化，提高营农收益；另一方面，大力推动各类涉农资本及其他传统产业实体向西部小城市、县镇及农村有序转移，提高西部城镇对农村的带动能力。 　　[关键词] 产业区际转移； 西部地区；产业承接；城乡协调发展 　　[中图分类号]F062.9 [文献标识码]A[文章编号] 1002-736X（2009）02-0124-04 　　 　　 Industry Transfer Among Districts in China and Coordinated Development of Urban and Rural Areas of Western Region 　　Xie Lishuang 　　(Economics College, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081) 　　 　　 Abstract: Chinas present industry transfer among districts is essentially the eastern part of the traditional labor and resources-intensive industries capital cross-flows and gradient-proliferation, with the internal mechanisms and functions of promoting the coordinated development of urban and rural areas of the western region. The western region should take full advantage of the opportunities and strength to overcome the lack of coordinated development driver of urban and rural areas. On the one hand, take an active transfer of the agricultural industry to promote agriculture industrial structure adjustment and optimization, so as to increase farmers’ income; On the other hand, promote the orderly transference of various types of agriculture-related capital and other traditional industry entities to small cities and rural areas of western areas so as to improve the driving ability of cities to rural areas. 　　Key words: industry transfer among districts; western region; industry accept; coordinated development of urban and rural areas 　　 　　一、引言 　　 　　改革开放30年，我国经济发展成就斐然，举世瞩目，但仍面临着一些深刻的矛盾和棘手的难题，其中之一就是城乡发展差距的持续扩大。以居民收入为例，1990年，城乡居民收入差距为2.20?U1，到2006年就扩大到3.51?U1，人均收入绝对差距由823.9元扩大到8172.5元。西部城乡之间的发展差距更大，2001―2006年，全国城乡居民收入差距从2.9?U1扩大到3.51?U1，而甘肃省从3.44?U1扩大到4.18?U1，贵州省从3.73?U1扩大到4.59?U1，青海玉树藏族自治州城乡居民收入差距更高达5?U1。① 这种状况固然与再分配领域对农业和农村的收入反哺不足有关，但主要症结还在于农业和农村的稀缺要素，如资金、优质劳动力等长期单向流入城市和工业，造成了自身发展的慢性“缺血”，削弱了农业和农村自我发展的能力。有鉴于此，自党和国家2004年提出科学发展观，强调城乡统筹发展