子莲3414肥效试验和配方施肥研究初报.docVIP

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子莲3414肥效试验和配方施肥研究初报.doc

子莲3414肥效试验和配方施肥研究初报

子莲3414肥效试验和配方施肥研究初报   摘要:运用“3414”回归试验设计研究不同氮、磷、钾肥料施肥量配比对莲子产量的影响,建立了相应的施肥模型,探讨分析确定了子莲配方施肥养分适宜用量的方法。结果表明:所试田块及其代表区域对莲子产量的影响顺序为氮肥>钾肥>磷肥,推荐配方施肥氮肥(纯N)养分用量270.0 kg/hm2,磷肥(P2O5)养分用量90.0 kg/hm2,钾肥(K2O)养分用量97.5~127.5 kg/hm2,养分配比为1∶0.33∶0.36~0.47。   关键词:莲子;施肥模型;回归分析;推荐施肥量   中图分类号:S645.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2011)23-4816-04      Effect of “3414” Fertilizer Experiment and Balanced Fertilizer Recommendation in Seed Lotus      LI Chuan-bin1,HE Jian1,CHEN Xi-gui1,LIN Gui-rong1,CHENG Liu-qing1,ZHENG Xing-fei2,ZHANG De-cai3,   WU Hui-sheng2, HU Zhong-li2   (1. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Jiangxia, Wuhan 433001,China; 2. College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072,China;   3. Soil and Fertilizer Station of Hubei Province,Wuhan 430070,China)      Abstract: Based on “3414” fertilizer experiment of lotus in Jiangxia, Hubei province, the effect of different N,P,K ratios on seed yield was studied. The regression equation of production and amount of fertilizer were established along with the method of appropriate amount of recommendation fertilizer in seed lotus. The results showed that N fertilizer yield-increasing efficiency was the most powerful in trial soil or representative region, the lowest was P fertilizer; The highest yield was obtained with 270.0 kg/hm2 of N, 90.0 kg/hm2 of P2O5 and 97.5~127.5 kg/hm2 of K2O; deduced fertilizer ratio of N,P,K was 1∶0.33∶0.36~0.47. Key words: lotus seed; fertilization model; regression analysis; fertilizer recommendation   子莲是我国重要的水生经济植物,其莲子中含有丰富的磷脂、生物碱和类黄酮等物质[1,2],营养价值丰富,药用价值非常高,为药食两用佳品。随着人们生活水平的提高,保健意识的增强,莲子作为保健食品的用量在逐年增加,因此研究子莲测土配方施肥技术具有重大意义。   武汉市江夏区是湖北省主要的子莲种植区,常年种植面积2 000多公顷。农户存在不合理的施肥习惯,平均氮、磷、钾养分施用量分别为402.0、102.0和111.0 kg/hm2,主要是氮肥施用过多,硼、锌微肥基本不施用,肥料养分配比失衡,造成莲子产量低,产量水平2 700 kg/hm2,投肥效益不高。为探寻子莲配方施肥推荐方案,我们选择区域内有代表性田块进行“3414”肥料效应回归试验并分析,初步建立了子莲的施肥模型,推荐确定了区域子莲较为合理的肥料养分施用量,为子莲施肥的进一步优化配施提供理论依据。   1 材料与方法   1.1 供试土壤与作物   试验地点设在武汉市江夏区莲子主要种植区法泗镇、金口街,地下水位0.3~0.5 m,地形属河漫滩。供试品种为湘莲。试验施肥前采集土壤农化样,利用土壤常规测试方法分析样品[3],试验地基本情

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