萧山区儿童过敏原和变态反应性疾病关系现状调查分析.docVIP

萧山区儿童过敏原和变态反应性疾病关系现状调查分析 　　[摘要] 目的 分析萧山区变态反应性疾病儿童过敏原阳性率、主要过敏原种类，以针对性预防和治疗。 方法 采用德国MEDIWISS Analytic GmbH 公司产过敏原检测仪及过敏原诊断试剂盒检测321例儿童血清中总IGE及19种吸入性和食入性过敏原特异性IGE抗体。 结果 疾病组儿童血清中总IGE阳性率为80.8%（173/214），特异性IGE抗体阳性率为61.2%（131/214）。吸入性过敏原前三位分别为尘螨、屋尘、狗毛皮屑；食入性过敏原前三位分别为牛奶、鸡蛋白、牛肉。不同性别总IGE阳性率及特异性IGE抗体阳性率无显著差异性。3岁组以食入性过敏原为主，学龄期组以吸入性过敏原为主。变态反应性疾病组过敏原特异性IGE阳性中，一种过敏原阳性率、二种过敏原阳性率、三种及以上过敏原阳性率分别为31.8%（68/214）、27.6%（59/214）、21.5%（46/214）。 结论 变态反应性疾病儿童血清中总IGE和过敏原特异性IGE阳性率明显高，吸入性过敏原以尘螨为主，食入性过敏原以牛奶为主，三种及以上过敏原阳性率占21.5%（46/214）。变态反应性疾病儿童在春秋二季尤其应避免接触过敏原。 　　[关键词] 变态反应；过敏原；总IGE；特异性IGE；儿童 　　[中图分类号] R593.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2016）10-0125-04 　　[Abstract] Objective To analyze in Xiaoshan allergic diseases of the children’s positive rate of allergens， main allergens types， so that targeted prevention and treatment. Methods The serum levels of total IGE and 19 kinds of specificity inhales and food allergens in 321 children were detected by Germany Allergy Screen allergens detection system. Results The total IGE positive rate and specificity IGE positive rate of Allergic diseases group were 80.8%（173/214） and 61.2%（131/214）. Inhaled allergens were higher for： household dust mites， house dust and dog dander；Food allergens were higher for：milk，egg white， beef. （There was no significant difference between boys and girls in total IGE positive rate and specificity IGE positive rate.） Food allergens were major in 6 years children. The respective positive rates of one kind， two kinds and above three kinds were 31.8%（68/214）， 27.6%（59/214）， 21.5%（46/214）. Conclusion The total IGE positive rate and specificity IGE positive rate were significant higher in children allergic diseases group， inhaled allergens to dust mites and food allergens to milk give priority， above three kinds positive rates were 21.5%（46/214）. Allergic diseases children should avoid contacting allergens especially in spring and fall. 　　[Key words] Allergy； Allergens； Total IGE； Specificity IGE； Children 　　许多研究表明，由于过敏原暴露浓度增加、气候变