不同墙体日光温室保温性能的研究.docVIP

不同墙体日光温室保温性能的研究 　　摘要：为了确定合理的日光温室后墙材料与结构，2012年分别在睢宁、赣榆建造了不同墙体（普通空心砖墙、复合异质墙体、夹芯板墙体）构型的日光温室，并研究了不同墙体日光温室的增温、保温性能。结果表明：普通空心砖墙蓄热能力强，夜间保温效果好，但白天增温慢；夹芯板墙体热阻值大，白天升温较快，利于提高温室的最高温度，但夜间放热能力较弱，不利于夜间保温；复合异质墙体具有较好的热阻和蓄热能力，增温、保温性最佳。为使日光温室冬季获得较好增温保温效果，从节约成本方面考虑，建议选择1 cm内粉+24 cm空心砖+24 cm空心砖+10 cm聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板+1 cm外粉为墙体的温室。 　　关键词：日光温室；温室墙体；保温性；墙体厚度；墙体材料 　　中图分类号：TU261 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2014）03-0025-03 　　AbstractIn order to choose reasonable material and structure for the back wall of solar greenhouse， different walls， such as normal hollow brick wall， complex heterogeneous wall， and blockboard wall， were used to construct solar greenhouse in Suining and Ganyu County in 2012. And their warming and thermal insulation properties were studied. The results showed that the normal hollow brick wall had strong heat storage capacity， which existed good thermal insulation effect during the night， but it warmed up slowly during the day. The blockboard wall had bigger thermal resistance value and warmed up quickly during the day， which could boost the highest temperature in solar greenhouse， but it had low exothermal capacity， which existed poor thermal insulation effect during the night. The complex heterogeneous wall had good thermal resistance and heat storage capacities， which had the best warming and thermal insulation property. In order to obtain better warming and thermal insulation effects in winter and save cost， the wall with 1 cm inner calcimine， 24 cm hollow brick， 24 cm hollow brick， 10 cm protection layer which was made of polystyrene foam board and 1 cm outer calcimine was the best choice. 　　Key wordsSolar greenhouse； Wall of greenhouse； Thermal insulation property； Wall thickness； Wall material 　　日光温室显著特征之一是其北面具有厚的墙体结构。日光温室墙体对温室环境的影响，一是阻止室内热量向外散失；二是蓄热。白天墙体表面通过接收前屋面照射进来的太阳辐射进行热量蓄积，夜晚通过墙体内导热过程以及墙体表面与室内空气的对流换热过程不断向室内释放热量以提高空气温度[1～3]。国内外对日光温室墙体结构的研究很多，通过比较研究，认为日光温室较理想的墙体内侧应由吸热蓄热能力较强的材料组成蓄热层，外侧应由导热、放热能力较差的材料组成保温层[3～5]。然而，受墙体材料特性的限制，江苏苏北地区日光温室北墙的蓄热和热阻能力有限，白天温室增温慢，夜间保温能力较低，低温冷害现象