肌细胞特异性microRNAs生物学效应研究进展-中国细胞生物学学报.PDF

中国细胞生物学学报 Chinese Journal of Cell Biology 2016, 38(6): 729–735 DOI: 10.11844/cj cb.2016.06.0038 肌细胞特异性microRNAs生物学效应研究进展 * * 韩晓杰 杨莎莎 段婷婷 徐玉东 王 宇 杨永清 尹磊淼 (上海中医药大学, 上海201203) 摘要 microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类含有20~22个核苷酸的非编码单链小分子RNA, 发挥转录 后水平负调控基因表达和翻译的作用, 具有生物学功能多样性, 可作为多种疾病诊断和预后重要分 子标志。该文介绍了肌细胞特异性miRNAs, 如miR-1、miR-133、miR-145、miR-206基因等染色 体分布、序列、组织表达丰度、主要通路, 并对肌细胞特异性miRNAs在气管平滑肌、血管平滑肌、 心肌等细胞中的生物学效应研究进展进行综述。 关键词 肌细胞特异性microRNAs; 生物学效应; 气管平滑肌; 血管平滑肌; 心肌; 骨骼肌 The Progress on Biological Effect of Muscle-specific MicroRNAs Han Xiaojie, Yang Shasha, Duan Tingting, Xu Yudong, Wang Yu, Yang Yongqing*, Yin Leimiao* (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China) Abstract miRNAs are a class of small non-coding, single stranded tiny molecule RNA (containing 20- 22 nucleotides) that negatively regulates gene expression and translation at post-translational level. They have diverse biological functions and can be used as significant molecule markers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, muscle-specific miRNAs were introduced, such as the distribution of chromosome, sequence, tissue expression abundance and main pathway of miR-1, miR-133, miR-145 and miR-206. Their biological effects in airway smooth muscle, vascular smooth muscle and cardiac muscle were also discussed. Keywords muscle-specific microRNA; biological effect; airway smooth muscle; vascular smooth muscle; cardiac muscle; skeletal muscle microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类非编码单链小分子 调控家族, 其中人类有1 881条, 小鼠有1 193条, 大鼠 RNA, 长度约为20~22个核苷酸, 广泛存在于真核细 有495条。 胞中, 发挥转录后水平负调控基因的表达和翻译的 多数miRNAs是通过Drosha和Dice