中国语言政策的研究综述.doc

中国语言政策的研究综述 　　作者简介：沈海英（1965- ），女，副教授，主要从事英语语言教学及语言社会文化研究。 　　摘要：语言政策是人类社会群体在言语交际过程中根据对某种或某些语言所采取的立场、观点而制定的相关法律、条例、规定、措施等。对于语言的控制和相关政策的制定是国家政策中十分重要的内容，对于语言政策的研究也是语言学者的重大使命。通过对中国语言政策发展的历史脉络进行梳理，在此基础上回顾中国语言政策研究30年的学术历史，可以发现，中国语言政策研究经历了从语言规划到语言政策的转变，其背后是语言政策研究经历了语言学到社会语言学、再到语言的公共政策学的多学科交叉与发展，而在全球化背景下如何在国家统一官方语言的基础上使少数民族的语言得以保存并在其社会中充当文化传承载体的角色，并在外语与官方语言之间实现多种语言的平衡发展是将来中国语言政策研究应重点关注的问题。 　　 　　关键词：语言政策；语言规划；语言文化；少数民族语言 　　 　　中图分类号：H0文献标志码：A文章编号：1671-1254(2014)03-0093-09 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　A Comprehensive Review on Language Policy Studies in China 　　 　　SHEN Hai-ying 　　 　　(School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Kunming University of Science Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China) 　　 　　Abstract: Language policy is a general concept which covers language-related laws, rules and regulations, and certain number?of courses of action, all of which are instituted on the basis of positions and standpoints adopted toward certain or some languages used for verbal communication among social human communities. To maintain a regularized development and use of languages and to stipulate the relevant polices count very much in the category of state policies; meanwhile, to commit themselves to language policies research is a highly significant mission to language scholars. This paper has sorted through the history of China Language policy, reviewing the 30 years of academic study on China language policy, and has concluded that there exists a transition of China language policy study from language study planning to language policy making, behind which can be traced the multiple interdisciplinary evolvements from linguistics to sociolinguistics, then to language public policy study. Also this paper suggests it as reference that China as a multi-ethnic country, when faced with globalization, should make further research as to how to preserve ethnic minorities’ languages and establish their own roles of carrying on their own cultures on the basis of unified official language,