云南珍稀植物铁皮石斛的研究初报.docVIP

云南珍稀植物铁皮石斛的研究初报 　　（1.云南森林自然中心,云南昆明650224 2.云南省农科院农业环境资源研究所特色植物研发中心,云南昆明650224） 　　摘要：铁皮石斛为传统中药,由于其生长条件要求苛刻，自然繁殖率低，自然产量十分有限，加之其药用价值昂贵，遭到过度采挖，野生资源濒临灭绝.采用组织培养繁育和野生种植技术，成功实现了铁皮石斛人工繁育和大田栽培,组培苗大田移植成活率达95%以上.大田栽种2 a后，可收鲜石斛4 500～7 500 kg/hm【sup】2【/sup】.文中重点阐述了铁皮石斛的组织培养、生根苗炼苗驯化、田间管理及收获加工等人工繁育和大田栽培技术.铁皮石斛种苗人工繁育与农田集约化栽培技术的成功,有效地挽救了这一濒危珍稀物种，为保护生物多样性和铁皮石斛的可持续利用创出了一条新途径. 　　关键词：铁皮石斛；人工繁育；组织培养；栽培技术 　　中图分类号：S759.82文献标识码：A文章编号：1671-3168（2011）02-0050-03 　　 　　Preliminary Report on Yunnan Rare Plant Dendrobium Officinal 　　 　　PAN Shi-ping【sup】1【/sup】, LI Shi-zong【sup】1【/sup】, YANG Bao-ming【sup】2【/sup】, LI Yong-ping【sup】2【/sup】 　　（1. Forest and Nature Center of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China 2. R D Center of Featured Plants, Institute of 　　 Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650224, China） 　　Abstract: Dendrobium Officinale has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine with high medicinal value, its wildlife resource is endangered due to the low rate of natural reproduction, demanding growth conditions. and over-excavation. In this study, tissue culture propagation and planting techniques were applied to the successfully achieve artificial breeding and field cultivation of Dendrobium Officinale, with more than 95% of the survival rate of transplanted seedlings in the field. The production rate is approximately 4 500～7 500 kg/hm【sup】2【/sup】 of fresh Dendrobium Officinale per mu after two years of field plantation. Techniques of artificial breeding and field cultivation were elaborated in this paper. The successful achievement of artificial breeding and field cultivation of Dendrobium Officinale represents an effective and new way that would save this rare and endangered species and protect biological diversity. 　　Key words: Dendrobium Officinale, tissue culture propagation, artificial breeding cultivation techniques 　　 　　收稿日期：2011-02-14修回日期：2011-03-21. 　　作者简介：潘仕萍（1982-），女,云南威信人,助理工程师.从事林业业务工作. 　　 　　石斛（Dendrobi