大型水压机阀芯驱动系统双圆弧凸轮的设计及的应用.docVIP

大型水压机阀芯驱动系统双圆弧凸轮的设计及的应用 　　摘 要：针对大型水压机阀芯驱动系统中开启驱动力巨大和瞬变的特点，提出了一种适合该特点的双圆弧组合凸轮升程曲线设计方法.该方法通过寻找组合圆弧曲线使凸轮的压力角在阀芯开启力最大时具有较小的值，在全程范围内具有较快的开启速度.通过齐次坐标变换建立了凸轮轮廓的数学模型，利用等效曲柄滑块机构分析了其运动特性.将该方法应用于300 MN模锻水压机阀芯驱动系统中的凸轮设计，运动学分析表明该凸轮在两段圆弧的衔接点处有较好的柔性，冲击小.工业现场应用表明双圆弧凸轮能有效降低装置的故障频率，为负载具有瞬变重载特点的凸轮设计提供了一种有效的方法. 　　关键词：水压机；瞬变重载；双圆弧凸轮；等效曲柄滑块 　　中图分类号：TH111 文献标识码：A 　　Design and Application of Cam with Two Arc Curve 　　in the Spool Opening of Large Water Hydraulic Press 　　YANG Jun，TAN Jianping，YANG Wu，CHEN Ling 　　（College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering，Central South Univ，Changsha，Hunan 410083，China） 　　Abstract：Considering the huge and transient force in the spool opening process of the hydraulic press， a cam profile curve design method based on the combination of two arcs was presented. The method aims at getting small pressure angles when the driving force reaches its maximum value and getting a fast opening speed in the whole process by finding a suitable combined twoarc curves. The mathematical model of the cam profile was established on the basis of homogeneous coordinate transformation， whose kinematic characteristic was investigated by using equivalent slider crank representation. This method was applied on the cam design of the spool drive system in 300MN die forging hydraulic press. The cam has good flexibility and small impact. Industrial field application shows that the cam designed in this method can effectively reduce the frequency of equipment failures. This method provides guidance for cam design on the condition of heavy and transient load. 　　Key words： hydraulic press； transient and heavy load； two arc cam； equivalent slider crank representation 　　作为将连续运动转变成周期性运动的机构，凸轮顶杆机构由于其结构简单和控制方便在工业上得到了广泛的应用[1].由于凸轮轮廓曲线直接决定凸轮机构的运动特性，设计优异的凸轮轮廓曲线引起了学者们的广泛关注[2].传统轮廓曲线有谐波、梯形、摆线、圆弧曲线及其这些曲线的改进，随着CAD技术的发展，以高阶多项式曲线、摆线、贝塞尔曲线、B样条曲线等作为凸轮轮廓曲线也得到了深入研究，采用这些复杂曲线设计的凸轮，使得系统驱动更加柔性化，冲击振动更小[3-6].在这些曲线中，圆弧曲线凸轮由于其加工简单、制造成本低和设计方便等优点，采用圆弧及圆弧组合作为凸轮的轮廓曲线是工业上一种常见的形式[5，7-8]. 　　虽然上述凸轮轮廓曲线能满足工业上大