消防专业论文-氰化物泄漏事故应急处置要点研究.docVIP

PAGE I 氰化物泄漏事故应急处置要点研究 摘　要 随着化学工业的迅速发展，氰化物的种类和数量不断增多，并广泛应用于工业生产和居民日常生活。由此引发的氰化物泄漏事故数量也急剧上升，给国家和人民群众的生命、财产造成极大的危害，生态环境遭到严重的污染和破坏。消防部队作为化学事故处置的主要力量，具备了处置能力，积累了一定的实践经验，在处置氰化物泄漏事故中发挥着重要作用。尽管如此，消防部队对氰化物泄漏事故的处置能力，尤其是对于复杂条件下、重特大氰化物泄漏事故的处置，仍略显不足。为了有效开展救援行动，提高现场处置能力，进一步加强对氰化物泄漏事故处置的研究具有十分重要的现实意义。本文分析了氰化物的性质，指出了消防部队处置氰化物泄漏事故过程中存在的主要难点，并根据氰化物的特殊性质和氰化物泄漏事故处置过程中的难点，有针对性地研究不同形态氰化物泄漏事故的处置要点，提出了事故处置过程中预防人员中毒、防止事故扩大及废液处理的方法，为消防部队处置氰化物泄漏事故提供借鉴和参考。 关键词 氰化物； 泄漏； 处置要点 The Research For Emergency Treatment Points Of Cyanide Leak Abstract As the rapid development of the chemistry industry, the world witnessed a tremendous increase in the amount and kinds of dangerous chemical products which are broadly used in industry and everyday life. As a result, the number of cases of cyanide leaking accident also increases significantly, which brings great danger to human life and possession, and causes great damage to the environment. As the major force in dealing with chemical accident, fire fighting unit has certain capability and experience, and plays an important role in the emergency treatment for cyanide leak. However, the capability of fire fighting unit in the emergency treatment for cyanide leak is somewhat insufficient, especially in dealing with fatal accident under complicated conditions. In order to act efficiently and improve the capability of dealing with accident scene, further research on the emergency treatment for cyanide leak is needed. This paper analyzed the property of cyanide, pointed out the difficulty in the cause of treatment, and accordingly searched into the major point in dealing with different kinds of cyanide. This paper also proposed methods for preventing human poisoning and aggravation of the accident and dealing with the waste liquid, and can be used as a reference for fire fighting unit to deal with cyanide leak. Keywords Cyanide; Leak; Major points of dealing 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc233172616 中文摘要 PAGEREF _Toc233172616 \h I HYPERLINK \l