分子诊断研究报告.pptVIP

BioMEMS;Microfluidics Applications;Several market studies are available for BioMEMS, biochips, lab-on-chips, μTAS… Definitions are varying, however, they all predict a rapidly growing and high market for microtechnologies in life sciences. For instance, NEXUS is predicting that the market for In Vitro Diagnostics (IVD) will grow from US$ 1,9 billion in 2000 to US$ 9.9 billion in 2005. ;Biosensors ; Biosensor application;The components of biosensor; Biosensor types;; Optical- immunosensor;Enzyme biosensor ;Advantages: more specific than cell based sensors faster responds due to shorter diffusion paths (no cell walls) Disadvantages: more expensive to produce due to the additional problem of isolating the enzyme enzymes are often unstable when isolated many enzymes need cofactors for the detection of substances ;E1 : Urease E2 : Penicillinase ;A rapid method to read out from the gene strand. Microarray technology now allows us to exam many genes at once and determine which are expressed in a particular cell type. DNA molecules representing many genes are placed in discrete spots on a microscope slide. This is called a microarray. The RNA molecules are then labeled by attaching a fluorescent dye that allows us to see them under a microscope, and added to the DNA dots on the microarray. ;The DNA molecular;;;(left) The intensity and color of each spot encode information on a specific gene from the tested sample ; Lab-on-a-chip (Microfluidic);Advantages of LOCs Low fluid volumes consumption and less sample fluid is used for diagnostics (2) Higher analysis and control speed of the chip and better efficiency. (3) Better process control because of a faster response of the system. (4) Large integration of functionality and small volumes. (5) Massive parallelization due to compactness, which allows high-throughput analysis. (6) Lower fabrication costs, allowing cost-effective disposable chips. (7) Safer platform for chemical, radioactive or