俄罗斯空间立法剖析-国际法学专业论文.docxVIP

Classified Index: DF991 Institution Code: 10123 U.D.C: 341 Confidential Status: Public Dissertation for Master Degree in Law STUDIES ON RUSSIAN SPACE LEGISLATION Candidate: Supervisor: Academic Degree Applied for: Speciality: Affiliation: Date of Defence: Degree-Conferring-Institution: Ivanova Valentina Prof. Zhao Haifeng Master of Law International Law School of Law June, 2011 Harbin Institute of Technology 哈尔滨工业大学法学硕士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学法学硕士学位论文 -I- -I- Abstract Historically, Russia towered over other countries as the first established space power. It’s leading space scientists such as Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Vladimir Chelomei and Sergei Korolev—made important contributions towards establishing the basic rules of cosmonautics. In the early days of space activities, the Soviet Union achieved two remarkable results: the launch of the first artificial satellite in 1957 and the sending of the first astronaut into outer space in 1961. For nearly 30 years the Soviet Union and the United States were the only two countries financially and technically capable to carry out activities in outer space. One of the main differences between them was the way space activities were organized domestically. While the US developed a dedicated set of national space legislation, the USSR never established a specific body of rules governing space activities. Instead, these activities were regulated by extending the applicability of pre-existing laws on different subjects. When the Soviet Union collapsed and Russia took over its functions as sovereign State, an urgent need to re-think and re-structure the planning and implementation of space activities in and from the Russian territory emerged. This situation led Russia to adopt its first Law on Space Activities in 1993. This Law was develop to enable Russia to fulfill its international space law obligations, to keep making use of the space facilities located in the territory of former Soviet Union’s States and to regulate the participation of