对外汉语教学中方位短语习得及偏误研究-汉语国际教育专业论文.docxVIP

PAGE III PAGE III 对外汉语教学中方位短语习得及偏误研究 中文摘要 对外汉语教学中方位短语习得及偏误研究 中文摘要 汉语方位短语与我们日常生活息息相关，不仅能够表示人类认知中极为重要的空 间、时间概念，而且也能担负起表示条件、范围、概数等抽象概念，在本体方面关于 它们的争论与研究也颇为热烈。方位短语在第二语言教学中亦是一个重点，本文以美 国国务院关键语言奖学金项目（Critical Language Scholarship Program）苏州分院来华 美国大学生的作文作为主要的语料来源，另有 HSK 动态作文语料库部分语料作为分 析依据，发现留学生在运用方位短语特别是在表达抽象概念时，由于母语负迁移、目 的语的过度泛化、教学误导、语言的普遍性等因素，产生了诸如方位短语结构残缺、 方位短语结构冗余、方位词误用、方位短语语序不当等偏误，因此这也是留学生习得 汉语过程中的一个难点。基于这些偏误，本文进一步考察了苏州大学文学院留学生使 用的汉语教材以及学生课外常用的汉语教材，通过比对《汉语水平等级标准与语法等 级大纲》，发现现行教材在方位短语的教学编排中存在不够系统条理、重点不够突出、 讲练不搭配、对引申义教学不够重视等问题。最后，在认知语言学视角下，笔者根据 自身的教学经验提出了一些合理化建议，以期有效地促进对外汉语教材编写和课堂教 学，帮助学习汉语的外国人更好地理解和掌握汉语方位短语这一表达方式。 关键词：对外汉语；方位短语；方位词；偏误分析；教学策略 作 者：张 鹤 指导老师：曹 炜 PAGE IV PAGE IV 英文摘要 对外汉语教学中方位短语习得及偏误研究 The Acquisition and Error Study of Locative Phrase in Teaching Chinese as Second Language Process Abstract Chinese Locative Phrase is an indispensable part of daily communication. It renders not only the important concepts of time and space, but abstract concepts of condition, range, scale, etc. Therefore, it has aroused plenty of controversies and studies in the field of Linguistic Ontology. Locative Phrase is one of the important phases in second language teaching. Based on the Chinese compositions of American students who have enrolled the CLSP program as corpus and supplied by HSK Corpus, this thesis has discovered multiple errors of overseas students in using Locative Phrase, especially in rendering abstract concepts, such as incomplete structure of locative phrase, locative phrase structure redundancy, misuse and disordered sequence of locative phrase. These errors are de facto due to the factors of negative transference of mother tongue, over generalization of target context, mislead in teaching, linguistic prevalence, etc. Therefore, Locative Phrase is a difficult aspect in terms of Chinese language acquisition for overseas students. Moreover, this thesis has probed into the textbooks and extra Chinese teaching materials used by overseas students in Soochow Universit