对角占优矩阵Schur补对角优势度及其应用-应用数学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 矩阵理论在科学研究和实际应用中具有重要作用. 本文讨论的矩阵 Schur 补 理论, 作为矩阵理论的重要部分, 广泛应用于矩阵分析, 统计学和数值分析等领域, 具有重要的理论价值和实际意义. 近年来, 许多国内外学者在矩阵 Schur 补理论研究中做出了重要工作. 本文结 合矩阵 Schur 补的性质, 运用一些不等式技巧, 改进了对角占优矩阵 Schur 补的对 角优势度估计, 并且将所得结果应用到对角占优矩阵行列式估计与矩阵 Schur 补 特征值分布中, 改进了已有结论. 第一章主要介绍矩阵 Schur 补理论的来源, 发展状况, 及其在数值代数等方面 的应用背景, 指出本文所要做的工作, 并给出本文涉及的基本符号与定义等. 第二章首先结合 H 矩阵的判定方法及原矩阵的元素特点, 构造出具有正对角 元且较原矩阵低阶的 H 矩阵, 并将其应用到矩阵 Schur 补的对角优势度估计中, 分别讨论了行对角优势度估计, γ 对角优势度估计和 γ 链对角优势度估计, 得到了 一些新的估计结果. 并进一步结合行列式理论与不等式技巧, 将估计结果运用到对 角占优矩阵行列式估计, 改进了近期相关结论, 并给出数值例子说明本文结果的有 效性. 第三章结合第二章矩阵 Schur 补对角优势度估计结果, 利用 Ostrowski 定理, 改进了某些特殊矩阵 Schur 补特征值的估计, 并给出数值例子说明本文结果的优 越性. 关键词: 对角占优矩阵; Schur 补; 对角优势度; 行列式; 特征值. I II ABSTRACT Matrix theories has been in a signi?cant position when we comes to science research and speci?c practice. This paper is to study the theory for the Schur com- plement of matrices which is one of the important parts of matrix theories. And the Schur complement plays an important role in many mathematical problems, particularly in matrix analysis, statistics and numerical analysis. Many domestic and foreign scholars have made a great of research on the Schur complement of matrices. In this paper, applying the properties of Schur comple- ment, utilizing some inequality techniques, some new estimates of the diagonally dominant degree on the Schur complement of diagonally dominant matrices are obtained, which improve some relative results. Further, as applications of these derived results, we present some distribution for the eigenvalues of the Schur com- plement and new bounds of the determinant of diagonally dominant matrices. In chapter one, we ?rst introduce some background knowledge and recent works for the Schur complement. Then we give some basic symbols and de?nitions used in our paper. In chapter two, by combining with the criterion of H matrix and constructing the suitable H matrix, applying some techniques of inequalities, we get several new estimations of diagonally dominant degree, γ diagonally