If 虚拟句中的倒装发给学生.docx

省略if的虚拟条件句　　在虚拟条件句中，如果有were，had，或should，就可以省略if，把这些助动词放在句首。　　Were?I?you,?I?would?tell?them?the?truth.?　　Had?we?had?enough?money,?we?would?have?bought?the?house.?　　Should?she?come,?what?should?I?say?to?her?虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。 HYPERLINK javascript:void(0); 编辑摘要 虚拟语气 - 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法 非真实条件句中谓语动词的形式 ? ?与现在事实相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) I(we) should.You would. He would .They would+动词原形 ?与过去事实相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+had+过去分词 I(we) should.You would.He would .They would +have+动词过去分词 与将来事实可能相反 If I (we,you,he,they)+ 动词过去式(be的过去式用were)/were to/should I(we) should.You would. He would .They would +动词原形? 但要注意：美国英语的结果主句，不管什么人称，皆常用would。 与现在事实相反的非真实条件句 虚拟语气用在与现在事实相反条件句中时，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 （be的过去式用were），结果主句的谓语用should(第一人称)或would(第二、三人称)＋动词原形。如：?I am sorry I am very busy now. If I had time, I would certainly come to see you.?很抱歉，我很忙。如果有时间，我一定去看你了。?If it weren’t for their support, we would be in a difficult situation.?要不是有他们的支持，我们的处境会很困难。?if places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.?如果各个地方都一样，就不需要地理学家了。?If I were you, I would apply for the job.?如果我是你，我会申请那份工作的。?What would you do if you knew who broke the glass.?要是你知道谁打破了玻璃，你会怎么办？?Even if I had the money, I wouldn’t buy it.?即使我有钱也不会买它。? 与过去事实相反的非真实条件句 虚拟语气用在与过去事实相反的条件句中时，条件从句的谓语用had＋ 过去分词，结果主句的谓语用should(第一人称) 或would（第二、三人称） ＋ have＋ 过去分词。如：?If I had taken your advice, I wouldn’t have made such a mistake.?如果当时听了你的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。?If it had not been for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work so easily.?要不是你的帮助，我的工作不会这么容易完成。?If we had known the basic principles, we should have controlled the process even better.?如果我们知道这些基本原理，我们早就能更好地控制这个工序了。?If facts had been collected one week earlier, we should have had more time to study them.?假使早一个星期收集事实，我们就有更多的时间研究它们了。?The conference wouldn’t have been so successful if we hadn’t made adequate preparation.?如果我们不做充分的准备，会议是不会开得这么成功的。? 与将来事实相反的非真实条件句 （1）虚拟语