从民族审美心理窥探苗族民歌风格-艺术学专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 一个民族的民族精神贯穿于这个民族的历史长河中。它是民族文化当中，民族生 命力、创造力、凝聚力的集中体现。它使得一个民族在发展过程中形成具有共同特质 的民族意识、民族文化、民族习俗、民族性格、民族审美等等要素。从人类发展的历 史来看，音乐是文化中最主要的组成部分。有多少种文化就有多少种音乐。每一种音 乐文化都具有自己的特征，如侗族音乐的温文尔雅，苗族音乐的热烈奔放，布依族音 乐的含蓄细腻等等。每个民族音乐在音律、调式、旋律、节奏、曲式、题材、乐器、 唱法、音色、音乐表演方式、音乐功能、音乐审美等都带有特殊的印记，即使是外族 的人，也很容易辨认民族的音乐风格。音乐艺术形式是表现民族文化、民族习俗等， 最主要最普遍的一种形式。一个民族在创作音乐艺术时总是表现了一种本民族独特的 风格，这种风格体现了这个民族的文化氛围，即民族音乐审美心理的体现。不同的地 理环境，历史原因，生活习惯形成不同民族特有的意识形态，这些意识形态直接影响 音乐艺术。也就是说，每个民族都有每个民族独特的民族音乐审美心理，审美心理直 接决定民族音乐风格特点。这种民族审美心理从祖先一直传承至后代，在精神思想上 约束和指导族人的生活生产、艺术创作。 本文通过民族音乐审美心理理论的论述，结合苗族民歌的“五态”、“四经”、“三 线”实践探解苗族民歌风格的形成。 关键词：苗族，民族审美心理，苗族民歌风格 ABSTRACT The ethnic spirit goes through the ethnicity’s history. It is the concentrated reflection I of the ethnic vitality, creativity and cohesion. It makes an ethnicity form the common essential elements in consciousness, culture, folk customs, character, aesthetics and so on. From the perspective of the history of human development, music is the most important part of a culture. The number of music is almost equal to that of cultures. Each music culture has its own characteristics, for example, Dong music is mild and gentle, Miao music is enthusiastic, while Buyi music is reserved and exquisite. Each ethnic music has its own characteristics in mode, melody, rhythm, tonality, subject, musical instruments, singing, timbre, ways of performance, function, aesthetics and the like; even it is easy for the alien to recognize the style of it. Music art form is the most common and prevalent form to express ethnic culture, custom, etc., In composing music, the ethnic music always performs a unique style, which reflects the ethnic cultural atmosphere, more exactly, the embodiment of the ethnic music aesthetic psychology. Different geographical environment, historical reasons and the life habits form different ethnic ideology, which directly affects the music itself. That is to say, each ethnicity has its own unique ethnic music aesthetic psychology, which directly decides the